A nurse is reinforcing teaching with a group of nurses about medication administration. Which of the following routes of administration provides the most rapid onset for the client?

intravenous

Topical patch

Sublingual

Intramuscular

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is A

A. Intravenous: IV administration delivers medication directly into the bloodstream, allowing for the fastest onset of action (within seconds to minutes).

B. Topical patch: Slow absorption, designed for long-term, sustained release.

C. Sublingual: Faster than oral, but slower than IV (absorbed through mucous membranes).

D. Intramuscular: Faster than oral, but slower than IV, as the drug must diffuse into the bloodstream from muscle tissue.

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Correct Answer is D

Explanation

A. BUN 11 mg/dL, serum creatinine 0.8 mg/dL: These values are normal (BUN: 7-20 mg/dL, creatinine: 0.6-1.2 mg/dL), which are not expected in chronic kidney disease (CKD).

B. BUN 15 mg/dL, serum creatinine 1.0 mg/dL: Also within normal limits.

C. BUN 10 mg/dL, serum creatinine 0.6 mg/dL : These values suggest normal kidney function, not CKD.

D. BUN 25 mg/dL, serum creatinine 2.3 mg/dL : Both elevated BUN and creatinine indicate impaired kidney function, which is expected in CKD.

A. Fatigue B. Vaginal discharge C. Urinary frequency D. Erectile dysfunction

Correct Answer is D

Explanation

A. Fatigue: While a side effect, it is less likely to cause medication discontinuation.

B. Vaginal discharge: Uncommon reason for stopping medication, unless severe (e.g., antifungal reactions).

C. Urinary frequency: More manageable and less likely to cause nonadherence compared to ED.

D. Erectile Dysfunction: Sexual side effects, such as erectile dysfunction (ED), are a leading cause of medication nonadherence, particularly with antihypertensives (e.g., beta-blockers, diuretics) and antidepressants (e.g., SSRIs, SNRIs).

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A nurse is reinforcing teaching with a group of nurses about medication administration. Which of the following routes of administration provides the most rapid onset for the client?

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