A client ordered grapefruit juice for breakfast. The nurse should review the client's medication record for medications metabolized by the:

Gall bladder

Liver

Kidney

Small bowel

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is B

B. Liver: Grapefruit juice inhibits CYP3A4 enzymes in the liver, which metabolize many drugs (e.g., statins, calcium channel blockers). This inhibition can lead to increased drug levels and toxicity.

A. Gall bladder – The gall bladder stores bile but does not metabolize drugs.

C. Kidney – The kidneys excrete drugs, but grapefruit juice does not significantly impact renal metabolism.

D. Small bowel – Some drug metabolism occurs in the intestines, but grapefruit juice primarily affects liver enzymes.

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Correct Answer is A

Explanation

A. "This test will inform your provider how your kidneys are functioning." Creatinine is a waste product from muscle metabolism and is excreted by the kidneys. Elevated creatinine levels indicate impaired kidney function.

B. "This test will inform your provider if you have a thyroid disorder." Thyroid disorders are typically diagnosed with TSH, T3, and T4 tests, not creatinine.

C. "This test will inform your provider if you have an infection." Infections are usually diagnosed with CBC (WBC count) or cultures, not creatinine.

D. "This test will inform your provider if you are anemic." Anemia is diagnosed with hemoglobin and hematocrit (H&H), not creatinine levels.

A. at the start of medication therapy B. when clients take medication on an empty stomach C. when clients like high doses of medication D. when clients take multiple medications

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

A. At the start of medication therapy: Side effects are most common when a client first begins taking a new medication because the body is not yet accustomed to the drug. Over time, tolerance may develop, and some side effects may diminish.

B. When clients take medication on an empty stomach – Some medications cause more side effects when taken on an empty stomach (e.g., NSAIDs causing gastritis), but this is not true for all medications.

C. When clients take high doses of medication – Higher doses may increase the risk of toxicity rather than routine side effects.

D. When clients take multiple medications – Drug interactions are more likely when taking multiple medications, but this does not mean that side effects are most common in this situation.

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A client ordered grapefruit juice for breakfast. The nurse should review the client's medication record for medications metabolized by the:

Nursing Test Bank

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

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Correct Answer is A

Explanation

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Correct Answer is A

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