A client reports a dry mouth, blurry vision and a feeling of not being able to fully empty their bladder. The nurse suspects the client is having which type of adverse reaction?
Neuroleptic malignant syndrome
Teratogenicity
Parkinson-like syndrome
Anticholinergic effects
The Correct Answer is D
A. Neuroleptic malignant syndrome: Causes fever, muscle rigidity, autonomic instability, and altered mental status-not dry mouth or blurry vision.
B. Teratogenicity: Refers to birth defects from medications taken during pregnancy.
C. Parkinson-like syndrome: Involves tremors, muscle rigidity, and bradykinesia-not dry mouth or blurry vision.
D. Anticholinergic effects: Symptoms of dry mouth, blurred vision, and urinary retention are classic signs of anticholinergic side effects caused by medications like antihistamines, tricyclic antidepressants, and some antipsychotics.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is A
Explanation
A. Sodium 126 mEq/L: This value indicates hyponatremia, which can cause confusion, seizures, and fluid imbalance. Normal sodium levels are 135-145 mEq/L, so this is a critical finding.
B. Chloride 99 mmol/L: This is within the normal range (96-106 mmol/L), so it is not concerning.
C. Albumin 4.9 mg/dL: Normal albumin levels are 3.5-5.0 mg/dL, so this value is within range.
D. Potassium 3.6 mEq/L: Normal potassium levels are 3.5-5.0 mEq/L. This value is on the lower end but still within normal limits.
Correct Answer is D
Explanation
A. Sodium 148: This represents mild hypernatremia, but sodium levels are not the primary concern for cardiac monitoring.
B. Potassium 3.1: This is hypokalemia (low potassium), not hyperkalemia.
C. Sodium 130: This represents hyponatremia, which can cause neurological symptoms, not hyperkalemia.
D. Potassium 5.7: Hyperkalemia is defined as K⁺ >5.0 mEq/L. Levels above 5.5 can cause dangerous cardiac dysrhythmias, requiring ECG monitoring.
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