A nurse is caring for a client who routinely drinks alcohol. Which of the following information should the nurse provide the client about alcohol consumption?

"Alcohol is metabolized in the kidneys."

"Alcohol can increase the chances of nephrotoxicity."

"Alcohol can decrease the chance of medication side effects."

"Medication can be metabolized faster when alcohol is consumed regularly."

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is B

A. "Alcohol is metabolized in the kidneys." Alcohol is primarily metabolized in the liver, not the kidneys.

B. "Alcohol can increase the chances of nephrotoxicity." Chronic alcohol use can damage the kidneys and increase the risk of nephrotoxicity, especially when combined with nephrotoxic drugs (e.g., NSAIDs, aminoglycosides).

C. "Alcohol can decrease the chance of medication side effects." Alcohol can actually enhance medication side effects, such as sedation with CNS depressants or liver damage with acetaminophen.

D. "Medication can be metabolized faster when alcohol is consumed regularly." Chronic alcohol use induces liver enzymes, potentially altering metabolism, but it does not necessarily speed up drug metabolism for all medications.

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Correct Answer is A

Explanation

A. "Most allergic responses include hives or a rash.": Allergic reactions often present with hives (urticaria), rash, itching, and sometimes anaphylaxis. Severe reactions can cause airway swelling, difficulty breathing, and hypotension.

B. "Common allergic reactions may include fever and diarrhea." Fever and diarrhea are more typical of infections, not allergic reactions.

C. "You might feel cold and sweaty if you are having an allergic reaction." Cold, clammy skin may indicate shock, but it is not specific to allergies.

D. "Nausea and vomiting usually mean you are allergic to the medication." GI symptoms may indicate intolerance but not necessarily an allergy.

A. Medications that limit the receptor activity B. Medications that block the receptor activity C. Medications that change the receptor activity D. Medications that activate the receptor activity and are synergistic

Correct Answer is D

Explanation

A. Medications that limit the receptor activity: This describes an antagonist, which reduces or limits receptor activity.

B. Medications that block the receptor activity: This also describes an antagonist, which prevents receptor activation.

C. Medications that change the receptor activity: This statement is vague and does not clearly define an agonist.

D. Medications that activate the receptor activity and are synergistic: An agonist binds to a receptor and stimulates a response, often enhancing normal physiological functions.

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A nurse is caring for a client who routinely drinks alcohol. Which of the following information should the nurse provide the client about alcohol consumption?

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Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

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Explanation

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Correct Answer is D

Explanation

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