A nurse is reinforcing teaching with a client who is going to take an expectorant to manage a cough. The nurse should explain that this type of medication treats coughs by which of the following mechanisms?
Stimulates secretions
Suppresses the urge to cough
Reduces inflammation
Dries mucous membranes
The Correct Answer is A
A. Stimulates secretions: Expectorants work by thinning and loosening mucus in the airways, making it easier to cough up and clear out. This mechanism helps to reduce cough by facilitating the removal of mucus.
B. Suppresses the urge to cough: Cough suppressants, or antitussives, work by suppressing the cough reflex, not by stimulating secretions. This choice describes a different type of medication used for dry, unproductive coughs.
C. Reduces inflammation: Anti-inflammatory medications reduce inflammation, but they do not specifically target mucus production or the cough reflex. Expectorants do not primarily work by reducing inflammation.
D. Dries mucous membranes: Drying mucous membranes would typically be the action of antihistamines or decongestants, which are not the primary mechanism of action for expectorants. Expectorants aim to keep mucus hydrated to facilitate its removal.
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Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is A
Explanation
A. Replacement therapy with pancreatic enzymes: Pancreatic insufficiency results in a lack of digestive enzymes, leading to malabsorption of nutrients. Enzyme replacement therapy is essential to aid in digestion and nutrient absorption.
B. Treatment with stimulant laxatives: Stimulant laxatives are used to treat constipation by increasing bowel motility. They do not address the underlying enzyme deficiency in pancreatic insufficiency and can potentially cause further nutrient loss.
C. Treatment with PPIs to decrease stomach acid: Proton pump inhibitors (PPIs) reduce stomach acid production and are used for conditions like GERD. They do not address the enzyme deficiency caused by pancreatic insufficiency.
D. Decrease food intake: Reducing food intake does not treat pancreatic insufficiency and can lead to malnutrition. The goal is to support normal digestion and nutrient absorption through enzyme replacement.
Correct Answer is B
Explanation
A. ConstipationL Constipation is not a common adverse effect of oxymetazoline, which is a nasal decongestant.
B. Nasal congestion: This is correct. Prolonged use of oxymetazoline can lead to rebound congestion, where the nasal passages become more congested when the medication is stopped.
C. Productive cough: A productive cough is not associated with oxymetazoline use.
D. Sedation: Oxymetazoline does not typically cause sedation; it is a topical decongestant.
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