A nurse is reinforcing teaching with a client who is going to take an expectorant to manage a cough. The nurse should explain that this type of medication treats coughs by which of the following mechanisms?

Stimulates secretions

Suppresses the urge to cough

Reduces inflammation

Dries mucous membranes

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is A

A. Stimulates secretions: Expectorants work by thinning and loosening mucus in the airways, making it easier to cough up and clear out. This mechanism helps to reduce cough by facilitating the removal of mucus.
B. Suppresses the urge to cough: Cough suppressants, or antitussives, work by suppressing the cough reflex, not by stimulating secretions. This choice describes a different type of medication used for dry, unproductive coughs.
C. Reduces inflammation: Anti-inflammatory medications reduce inflammation, but they do not specifically target mucus production or the cough reflex. Expectorants do not primarily work by reducing inflammation.
D. Dries mucous membranes: Drying mucous membranes would typically be the action of antihistamines or decongestants, which are not the primary mechanism of action for expectorants. Expectorants aim to keep mucus hydrated to facilitate its removal.

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Correct Answer is C

Explanation

A. Fine rales: Fine rales are more indicative of fluid in the lungs, such as in heart failure, and are not typical in asthma exacerbations.
B. Pleural friction rub: Pleural friction rub is associated with pleuritis or inflammation of the pleura, not asthma.
C. Expiratory wheeze: Expiratory wheezing is a classic sign of asthma, caused by narrowed airways and airflow obstruction during expiration.
D. Rhonchi: Rhonchi are usually related to secretions or obstructions in the larger airways and are less specific to asthma.

A. The amount of blood pumped by the heart through the circulatory system in 1 minute. B. Neutralization by use of bicarbonate from pancreatic and biliary secretions. C. Smooth muscle movement of the GI tract by way of contractions. D. It is the process when food is broken down into molecules that can be absorbed.

Correct Answer is D

Explanation

A. The amount of blood pumped by the heart through the circulatory system in 1 minute. This statement describes cardiac output, which is unrelated to digestion. It refers to the volume of blood the heart pumps per minute.
B. Neutralization by use of bicarbonate from pancreatic and biliary secretions. This statement accurately reflects a component of digestion. Bicarbonate from the pancreas and biliary secretions neutralizes stomach acid in the small intestine, creating an optimal pH for digestive enzymes.
C. Smooth muscle movement of the GI tract by way of contractions. This statement describes peristalsis, the wave-like contractions that move food through the digestive tract. While peristalsis is essential for digestion, it does not explain the process of breaking down food into absorbable molecules.
D. It is the process when food is broken down into molecules that can be absorbed. This statement accurately defines digestion. It describes the process by which food is broken down into smaller molecules that can be absorbed into the bloodstream and used by the body.

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A nurse is reinforcing teaching with a client who is going to take an expectorant to manage a cough. The nurse should explain that this type of medication treats coughs by which of the following mechanisms?

Nursing Test Bank

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

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