A nurse is reinforcing teaching with a client who is at risk for hypertension. Which of the following risk reduction strategies should the nurse Include in the teaching?

Rationale:

A. Maintain the client in high-Fowler's position: Placing the client in high-Fowler's position improves lung expansion and decreases pulmonary congestion by lowering venous return to the heart. This is a priority intervention for managing dyspnea and crackles in heart failure.

B. Increase the client's intake of oral fluids: Increasing fluid intake may worsen fluid overload in clients with heart failure. These clients typically require fluid restrictions to prevent exacerbation of symptoms like pulmonary edema.

C. Instruct the client to cough every 4 hr: While coughing can help clear secretions, the symptoms in this scenario are related to fluid overload, not mucus accumulation. Coughing alone will not relieve the pulmonary congestion seen in heart failure.

D. Encourage the client to ambulate to loosen secretions: Ambulation has benefits but is not the first action when the client is short of breath and showing signs of pulmonary congestion. Activity should be limited until respiratory status stabilizes.

Rationale:

A. "We only have to tell your parents if your test comes back positive.": Giving conditional privacy based on test results is misleading. Confidentiality in STI testing applies regardless of the outcome and is protected by law in many regions for adolescents.

B. "We need your parents' permission if you are on their insurance.": Insurance coverage does not determine the legal right to consent. While explanation of benefits forms may create confidentiality challenges, consent laws usually allow minors to access STI testing independently.

C. "We will have to get your parents' consent before testing you for STIs.": Requiring parental consent for STI testing contradicts legal protections in many areas that allow minors to access sexual and reproductive health care without parental involvement.

D. “We can test you for STIs without informing your parents.": Supporting the adolescent's autonomy and legal rights, this answer provides accurate information about confidential care and encourages open, respectful communication between the nurse and client.