A nurse is reinforcing teaching with a client who is at risk for hypertension. Which of the following risk reduction strategies should the nurse Include in the teaching?
Restrict alcohol intake to 350 mt. (12 oz) of wine per day.
Limit caloric intake to 2.500 calories per day.
Walk for 30 min 5 days per week.
Increase dietary intake of canned vegetables
The Correct Answer is C
Rationale:
A. Restrict alcohol intake to 350 mL (12 oz) of wine per day: This recommendation exceeds the safe alcohol limit for individuals at risk for hypertension. For women, the limit is typically one drink per day, and for men, up to two.
B. Limit caloric intake to 2,500 calories per day: 2,500 calories may still be excessive for many individuals, especially those with sedentary lifestyles. Hypertension risk is more effectively reduced through balanced nutrition and physical activity, not just calorie limits.
C. Walk for 30 min 5 days per week: Regular aerobic exercise like walking improves cardiovascular health and is strongly recommended to prevent and manage hypertension. This frequency and duration align with guidelines to lower blood pressure and support overall wellness.
D. Increase dietary intake of canned vegetables: Canned vegetables often contain high sodium levels, which can contribute to elevated blood pressure. Clients at risk for hypertension should be encouraged to choose fresh or low-sodium alternatives to help control sodium intake.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is B
Explanation
Rationale:
A. Dilated pupils: Hydromorphone, an opioid, typically causes pupil constriction (miosis), not dilation. Dilated pupils may occur in opioid overdose only as a sign of severe hypoxia, but are not a common adverse effect of appropriate therapeutic dosing.
B. Urinary retention: Urinary retention is a known adverse effect of opioids like hydromorphone. Opioids can impair bladder muscle tone and suppress the urge to void by affecting central and peripheral nervous system pathways.
C. Hypertension: Hydromorphone generally causes hypotension due to vasodilation and histamine release. Hypertension is not a typical response and would more likely suggest untreated pain or another underlying condition.
D. Tachypnea: Opioids depress the respiratory center in the brain, which can lead to bradypnea rather than tachypnea. An increase in respiratory rate is not characteristic of opioid use unless it’s a response to severe, unmanaged pain.
Correct Answer is B
Explanation
Rationale:
A. "You should eat three large meals and two snacks per day." Eating large meals increases gastric pressure and can worsen reflux symptoms by promoting the backflow of stomach acid into the esophagus. Clients with GERD are advised to consume smaller, more frequent meals to reduce gastric distention.
B. "You should elevate the head of the bed while sleeping." Elevating the head of the bed helps prevent nighttime reflux by using gravity to reduce the likelihood of stomach acid flowing back into the esophagus. This is a key non-pharmacologic strategy in managing GERD symptoms during sleep.
C. "You should only drink 2 cups of coffee per day." Coffee, regardless of the quantity, can relax the lower esophageal sphincter and stimulate acid production. Rather than limiting intake to two cups, clients with GERD are often advised to avoid coffee altogether or monitor symptoms closely.
D. "You should lay down for 1 hour following a meal." Lying down after eating increases the risk of acid reflux due to the horizontal position reducing the effect of gravity. Clients should remain upright for at least 2 to 3 hours after meals to minimize reflux episodes.
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