A nurse is reinforcing teaching with a client who has recently been diagnosed with a hiatal hernia. Which of the following new information will be beneficial for the nurse to relay to the client?

"A hiatal hernia might increase your risk for intestinal cancer."

"A hiatal hernia might increase your risk for GERD."

"A hiatal hernia might increase your risk for stomach cancer."

"A hiatal hernia might increase your risk for lung disease."

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is B

A. "A hiatal hernia might increase your risk for intestinal cancer." Hiatal hernias are not associated with an increased risk of intestinal (colon) cancer.

B. "A hiatal hernia might increase your risk for GERD." A hiatal hernia allows part of the stomach to move into the thoracic cavity, which can cause gastroesophageal reflux due to weakened lower esophageal sphincter pressure.

C. "A hiatal hernia might increase your risk for stomach cancer." Hiatal hernias do not directly increase the risk of gastric cancer. The main complication is reflux esophagitis, not malignancy.

D. "A hiatal hernia might increase your risk for lung disease." While chronic reflux can occasionally cause aspiration and pulmonary symptoms, hiatal hernia is not a direct risk factor for lung disease.

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Correct Answer is D

Explanation

A. Weigh the client weekly:Fluid changes in ascites can occur rapidly; daily weights (same scale, same time) are the standard for monitoring fluid status, so weekly is inadequate.

B. Position the client flat in bed:Flat position can impair breathing with large ascites; elevate head of bed as needed for comfort and respiratory effort.

C. Medicate the client with acetaminophen for discomfort:Use caution - acetaminophen is metabolized by the liver; if necessary, small doses may be used per provider guidance, but high doses or frequent use risk hepatotoxicity in liver disease.

D. Measure the client's abdominal girth every 8 hr:Frequent abdominal girth measurements (e.g., each shift or every 8 hours) help detect rapid changes in ascites volume and are appropriate in the hospitalized client.

A. "The pain radiates down to my lower back." B. "My pain is relieved by having a bowel movement." C. "The pain is worse after I eat a meal high in fat." D. "I feel so much better after eating."

Correct Answer is D

Explanation

A. "The pain radiates down to my lower back.":Pain radiating to the back is more characteristic of pancreatitis or peptic ulcer perforation into posterior structures, not the typical description for uncomplicated peptic ulcer disease.

B. "My pain is relieved by having a bowel movement.":Pain relief with defecation is more consistent with irritable bowel syndrome or lower GI functional disorders, not peptic ulcer disease.

C. "The pain is worse after I eat a meal high in fat.":Pain worse after fatty meals suggests biliary (gallbladder) disease rather than classic peptic ulcer disease.

D. "I feel so much better after eating.":Pain that improves after eating is a classic presentation for a duodenal ulcer (a type of peptic ulcer) - food buffers gastric acid and may relieve the pain temporarily.

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A nurse is reinforcing teaching with a client who has recently been diagnosed with a hiatal hernia. Which of the following new information will be beneficial for the nurse to relay to the client?

Nursing Test Bank

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

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Correct Answer is D

Explanation

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Correct Answer is D

Explanation

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