A nurse is reinforcing teaching with a client who has COPD and reports shortness of breath and little appetite. Which of the following instructions should the nurse include in the teaching?

Limit fluid intake during meals.

Eliminate dairy products.

Consume three regular meals daily.

Eat lighter, low-calorie foods first.

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is A

The correct answer is choice a. Limit fluid intake during meals.

Choice A rationale:

Limiting fluid intake during meals can help prevent the stomach from becoming too full, which can make breathing more difficult for someone with COPD.

Choice B rationale:

Eliminating dairy products is not typically recommended for COPD patients unless they have a specific intolerance or allergy. Dairy does not generally affect COPD symptoms.

Choice C rationale:

Consuming three regular meals daily might be challenging for COPD patients who often have reduced appetite and may benefit more from smaller, frequent meals.

Choice D rationale:

Eating lighter, low-calorie foods first is not advisable for COPD patients who need nutrient-dense foods to maintain their energy levels and overall health.

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Correct Answer is A

Explanation

The correct answer is choice A: Elevate the head of the client's bed for 1 hr after the feeding. This is because elevating the head of the client's bed to at least 30 degrees can help prevent aspiration and gastric reflux. Choice B is incorrect because administering the feeding solution at a cold temperature can cause discomfort and diarrhea. Choice C is incorrect because rotating the jejunostomy tube once per day can cause irritation and trauma to the stoma site. Choice D is incorrect because flushing the tube with 90 mL of sterile water before and after the feeding is not necessary as long as the tube is adequately flushed before and after each feeding.

Explanation for why the other choices are not answers: B – Administering the feeding solution at a cold temperature can cause discomfort and diarrhea, so it should not be done. C – Rotating the jejunostomy tube once per day can cause irritation and trauma to the stoma site, so this is not the correct action. D – Flushing the tube with 90 mL of sterile water before and after the feeding is unnecessary to do as long as the tube is adequately flushed before and after each feeding. Thus, this is not the correct answer.

A. Place the client in the Trendelenburg position B. Encourage active range of motion exercises of the right arm C. Keep the client's right arm immobilized D. Instruct the client to cough frequently

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

The client's right arm should be immobilized to prevent dislodgment of the central venous catheter. The Trendelenburg position is not indicated in this situation and may increase the risk of complications. Active range of motion exercises of the right arm and frequent coughing can also increase the risk of catheter dislodgment.

Choice A, placing the client in the Trendelenburg position, is not the correct answer because it is not indicated in this situation and may increase the risk of complications.

Choice B, encouraging active range of motion exercises of the right arm, is not the correct answer because it can increase the risk of catheter dislodgment.

Choice D, instructing the client to cough frequently, is not the correct answer because it can increase the risk of catheter dislodgment.

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A nurse is reinforcing teaching with a client who has COPD and reports shortness of breath and little appetite. Which of the following instructions should the nurse include in the teaching?

Nursing Test Bank

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