A nurse is reinforcing teaching about umbilical cord care with a client who is postpartum.
Which of the following instructions should the nurse include?

A nurse is preparing to examine a post-term newborn immediately following delivery. Which of the following findings should she expect to observe? (Select all that apply.) The correct answers are choices C and E: Cracked, peeling skin and Vernix in the folds and creases.

Choice A rationale:

The Moro reflex is a normal neonatal reflex that can be observed in newborns at term or preterm, not specifically in post-term newborns. It is characterized by the baby's response to a sudden loss of support, which causes them to startle, throw their arms out, and cry. This reflex is not unique to post-term newborns.

Choice B rationale:

The heel to ear maneuverability is not a typical finding in newborn assessments. It is not related to the term or post-term status of the newborn. Therefore, this choice is not applicable.

Choice C rationale:

Cracked, peeling skin is a common finding in post-term newborns. Post-term babies have been in the womb for a longer duration, which can lead to changes in the condition of their skin, including peeling and cracking. This is due to prolonged exposure to amniotic fluid and the protective vernix diminishing.

Choice D rationale:

Abundant lanugo is more commonly found in preterm or premature newborns. As babies approach their due date and beyond, they tend to shed this fine, downy hair. Therefore, this choice is not applicable to post-term newborns.

Choice E rationale:

Vernix in the folds and creases is a characteristic finding in post-term newborns. Vernix is a white, waxy substance that coats the skin of newborns. In post-term babies, this vernix may be found in the folds and creases of their skin, as they have had more time in the womb for it to accumulate.

Choice A rationale:

Heartburn is a common discomfort during pregnancy, but it is not typically associated with the first trimester. Therefore, it is not a relevant manifestation to include in the teaching for a client in the first trimester.

Choice B rationale:

Constipation is a common discomfort in pregnancy, particularly during the first trimester. However, the question specifically asks about first-trimester manifestations, so this choice is not the most appropriate to include in the teaching.

Choice C rationale:

Urinary urgency is a common discomfort during the first trimester of pregnancy due to hormonal changes and the growing uterus pressing on the bladder. This is a relevant manifestation to include in the teaching for a client in the first trimester.

Choice D rationale:

Supine hypotension, also known as aortocaval compression syndrome, is a phenomenon that occurs when a pregnant woman lies flat on her back, compressing the vena cava and reducing blood flow to the heart. It is not typically associated with the first trimester, and it is more commonly a concern in the later stages of pregnancy. Therefore, it is not a relevant manifestation to include in first-trimester teaching.