A nurse is reinforcing teaching about receiving epinephrine as an emergency intervention for anaphylaxis. Which of the following information should the nurse reinforce with the client?
Epinephrine relaxes the bronchioles and counteracts the effect of histamine
Epinephrine should be given along with a beta blocker.
Epinephrine should be administered intranasally
Epinephrine causes a decrease in blood pressure
The Correct Answer is A
A. Epinephrine relaxes the bronchioles and counteracts the effect of histamine: Epinephrine is the first-line treatment for anaphylaxis because it rapidly relaxes bronchial smooth muscles, reducing airway constriction, and counteracts histamine's effects, which include vasodilation, edema, and hypotension. This helps restore breathing and circulation.
B. Epinephrine should be given along with a beta blocker: Administering epinephrine with a beta blocker is dangerous because beta blockers can reduce the effectiveness of epinephrine and may worsen bronchospasm. Beta blockers are not recommended during acute management of anaphylaxis.
C. Epinephrine should be administered intranasally: Epinephrine is typically administered intramuscularly (IM), usually into the thigh, during anaphylactic emergencies for rapid absorption. Intranasal administration is not effective for treating life-threatening systemic allergic reactions.
D. Epinephrine causes a decrease in blood pressure: Epinephrine actually increases blood pressure by causing vasoconstriction. This counters the dangerous hypotension that occurs during anaphylaxis, helping to stabilize cardiovascular function quickly.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is B
Explanation
A. "A client must sign an Against Medical Advice form if he withdraws consent.": An Against Medical Advice (AMA) form is specifically used when a client chooses to leave a healthcare facility against medical advice, not when they withdraw consent for a procedure. Withdrawing consent does not require an AMA form and follows a separate legal and ethical process.
B. "A client can withdraw consent at any time after signing the informed consent form.": Clients maintain the right to autonomy throughout their care, including the right to withdraw consent at any point before or during a procedure. Signing the form does not waive their right to change their mind, and healthcare providers must respect this decision without penalizing the client.
C. "A client who is involuntarily admitted to a mental health unit cannot withdraw consent for treatment.": Even clients who are involuntarily admitted retain certain rights, including the right to refuse specific treatments unless they are legally deemed incompetent or pose an imminent threat. Involuntary admission does not mean automatic consent to all treatments.
D. "A client must provide a written refusal for a procedure for which he has already signed an informed consent.": Clients can verbally withdraw consent at any time; a written refusal is not legally required. While documentation of the client's decision is necessary for the medical record, insisting on a written refusal is not a legal prerequisite for withdrawal of consent.
Correct Answer is ["7.5"]
Explanation
Calculation:
Desired dose = 7.5 mg
Available concentration = 5 mg / 5 mL
= 1 mg/mL
Calculate the volume to administer:
Volume to administer (mL) = Desired dose (mg) / Available concentration (mg/mL)
= 7.5 mg / 1 mg/mL
= 7.5 mL
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