A nurse is reinforcing teaching about HbA1c with a client who has type 1 diabetes mellitus.
Which of the following information should the nurse include?
An HbA1c value greater than 8% indicates diabetic control of blood sugar.
The HbA1c value is altered by eating habits the day before the test.
The HbA1c value determines long-term blood glucose control for the past 120 days.
An HbA1c test is performed once per year.
The Correct Answer is C
The HbA1c value determines long-term blood glucose control for the past 120 days. This is because the HbA1c test measures what percentage of hemoglobin proteins in your blood are coated with sugar (glycated). Hemoglobin proteins in red blood cells live for around 120 days, so the test reflects your average blood sugar level for the past two to three months.
Choice A is wrong because an HbA1c value greater than 8% indicates poor diabetic control of blood sugar. The HbA1c target for most people with type 1 diabetes is 48 mmol/mol (or 6.5%) or lower.
Choice B is wrong because the HbA1c value is not altered by eating habits the day before the test. The test does not require fasting and can be done at any time of the day.
Choice D is wrong because an HbA1c test should be performed more than once per year.
The frequency of the test depends on the type of diabetes, your treatment plan and your blood sugar level. For example, you may need the test twice a year if you have good blood sugar control, or four times a year if you take insulin or have trouble keeping your blood sugar level within your target range.
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Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is B
Explanation
This is because the client has hypothyroidism, which means their thyroid gland does not produce enough thyroid hormone. Levothyroxine is a synthetic form of thyroid hormone that can replace the missing hormone and normalize the TSH level. The client’s TSH level is 8.9 mIU/L, which is above the normal range of 0.4 to 4.0 mIU/L. This indicates that the client’s current dosage of levothyroxine is insufficient and needs to be increased.
Choice A is wrong because thyroid ablation therapy is a treatment for hyperthyroidism, not hypothyroidism.
Thyroid ablation therapy involves destroying part or all of the thyroid gland with radioactive iodine or surgery, which reduces the production of thyroid hormone.
This would worsen the client’s condition and symptoms.
Choice C is wrong because lovastatin is a statin drug that lowers cholesterol levels. Hypothyroidism can cause high cholesterol levels, but this is usually corrected by levothyroxine therapy. Replacing lovastatin with cholestyramine, a bile acid sequestrant that also lowers cholesterol levels, would not address the underlying cause of hypothyroidism and would not improve the client’s TSH level.
Choice D is wrong because restricting the intake of iodized salt would not help the client with hypothyroidism. Iodine is an essential element for the synthesis of thyroid hormone, but most people in developed countries get enough iodine from their diet.
Hypothyroidism is usually caused by autoimmune disease, not iodine deficiency.
Correct Answer is C
Explanation
The correct answer is choice C. Allergy to gelatin is a contraindication for the inactivated influenza vaccine because gelatin is one of the ingredients in the vaccine. People with severe, life-threatening allergies to any ingredient in a flu vaccine (other than egg proteins) should not get that vaccine.
Choice A is wrong because pregnancy is not a contraindication for the inactivated influenza vaccine. In fact, pregnant people are recommended to get a flu shot because they are at higher risk of developing serious flu complications.
Choice B is wrong because immunosuppression is not a contraindication for the inactivated influenza vaccine. People with weakened immune systems can get a flu shot, but they should avoid the nasal spray flu vaccine which contains live viruses.
Choice D is wrong because moderate illness with fever is not a contraindication for the inactivated influenza vaccine. People who are moderately ill can still get a flu shot, but they should wait until they recover if they have a severe illness.
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