A nurse is recording the intake and output (I&O) for a client.

The client consumed 8 oz of milk, 10 oz of water, 4 oz of gelatin, 1 egg, 1 piece of bacon, and 2 biscuits.

Which volume should the nurse record on the I&O?

Choice A rationale

Injecting air into the ampule prior to drawing the medication into a syringe can cause the medication to spill and is not a safe practice.

Choice B rationale

Adding 0.5 mL of diluent to the medication is not a standard procedure for medication administration from an ampule and can lead to incorrect dosing.

Choice C rationale

Using a filter needle to aspirate the medication is important to prevent glass particles from the broken ampule from entering the syringe and being administered to the patient.

Choice D rationale

Cleansing the tip of the ampule with an alcohol swab after opening is unnecessary, as the medication is already inside the sealed ampule, and it can increase the risk of contamination.

Choice A rationale

Avoid placing toilet tissue in the bedpan after defecation to prevent contamination of the stool specimen. Toilet tissue can introduce foreign substances that may interfere with lab results.

Choice B rationale

Urinate after the specimen collection is incorrect because urine can contaminate the stool sample. The client should urinate before collecting the stool specimen to avoid mixing the two.

Choice C rationale

Placing 1.3 cm (0.5 in) of formed stool into a culture tube is insufficient for a proper stool sample. Typically, a larger sample is needed to ensure enough material is available for testing.

Choice D rationale

Keeping the specimen in a warm area is incorrect because stool samples should be kept in a cool environment to preserve the integrity of the specimen until it can be analyzed.