A nurse is receiving information about four children during change-of-shift report. Which of the following children should the nurse assess first?

A 12-year-old child who has cystic fibrosis and reports difficulty clearing secretions

A 3-year-old child who has an atrial septal defect and a heart rate of 120/min

A 5-year-old child who has type 1 diabetes mellitus and a blood sugar of 150 mg/dL

A 2-year-old child who has diarrhea and reports abdominal pain

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is A

A. A child with cystic fibrosis and difficulty clearing secretions is the priority because airway clearance is critical in cystic fibrosis. Mucus buildup can lead to respiratory distress and infection, requiring immediate intervention.
B. A child with an atrial septal defect and a heart rate of 120/min is not the priority because a heart rate of 120/min is within the expected range for a 3-year-old and does not indicate immediate distress.
C. A child with type 1 diabetes and a blood sugar of 150 mg/dL is not the priority because this blood glucose level is slightly elevated but not critical.
D. A child with diarrhea and abdominal pain requires assessment, but dehydration or electrolyte imbalance develops over time. Airway issues take priority over gastrointestinal symptoms.

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Correct Answer is D

Explanation

A. Shake both insulin vials for 2 min before withdrawing the doses. Insulin vials should never be shaken, as this can create air bubbles and affect dosage accuracy. NPH insulin should be gently rolled between the hands to mix.
B. Administer the mixture within 5 min of preparing it. While insulin should be administered promptly, there is no strict 5-minute requirement.
C. Withdraw the NPH insulin before the regular insulin. Regular insulin should be drawn up first to prevent contamination with the cloudy NPH insulin.
D. Inject air into the regular insulin vial before injecting air into the NPH vial. Air should be injected into the regular insulin first, then into the NPH insulin vial, before withdrawing the doses in the correct order.

A. Measure and record the client's leg circumferences daily. B. Place the client with their knees in a sharply flexed position. C. Monitor the client's RBCs every 4 hr. D. Administer warfarin PO daily.

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

A. Measure and record the client's leg circumferences daily. This is correct because measuring leg circumference helps assess for changes in swelling and monitor the progression or improvement of deep-vein thrombosis.
B. Place the client with their knees in a sharply flexed position. This is incorrect because sharply flexing the knees can impede blood flow and increase the risk of clot formation. The client should be encouraged to keep their legs extended and slightly elevated.
C. Monitor the client's RBCs every 4 hr. This is incorrect because deep-vein thrombosis does not typically require frequent RBC monitoring. Instead, coagulation studies such as PT, aPTT, and INR are more relevant.
D. Administer warfarin PO daily. This is incorrect because warfarin is contraindicated during pregnancy due to its teratogenic effects. Instead, low-molecular-weight heparin or unfractionated heparin is the preferred anticoagulant during pregnancy.

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A nurse is receiving information about four children during change-of-shift report. Which of the following children should the nurse assess first?

Nursing Test Bank

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

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Correct Answer is D

Explanation

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Correct Answer is A

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