A nurse is providing teaching to family members of a client who has dementia. Which of the following instructions should the nurse include in the teaching?

Discourage physical activity during the day.

Use clothing with buttons and zippers.

Establish a toileting schedule for the client

Engage the client in activities that increase sensory stimulation

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is C

Choice A reason:

Discourage physical activity during the day is incorrect. Encouraging physical activity is generally beneficial for individuals with dementia. Regular exercise can improve mood, reduce agitation, and enhance overall health. However, the level and type of physical activity should be tailored to the individual's abilities and preferences.

Choice B reason

Use clothing with buttons and zippers is incorrect. Clothing with buttons and zippers can be challenging for individuals with dementia due to fine motor skill impairments and difficulty with dressing. It is often recommended to use clothing with simple closures, such as Velcro or elastic bands, to make dressing easier and more manageable for the individual.

Choice C reason:

Individuals with dementia may experience difficulties with communication, memory, and problem-solving, which can affect their ability to recognize and express the need to use the restroom. As a result, they may be at risk of urinary or bowel incontinence. To address this concern and promote the client's comfort and dignity, establishing a toileting schedule is essential. A consistent routine for bathroom breaks can help prevent accidents and improve the client's overall well-being.

Choice D reason:

Engage the client in activities that increase sensory stimulation is incorrect. While sensory stimulation activities can be enjoyable and engaging for individuals with dementia, it is essential to select activities that are appropriate and not overwhelming. Some individuals with dementia may become overstimulated, which can lead to agitation or distress. Activities should be tailored to the individual's preferences and abilities.

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Correct Answer is A

Explanation

A. Droplet: Correct. Pneumonia is transmitted by respiratory droplets that are generated by coughing, sneezing, or talking. The nurse should wear a surgical mask and eye protection when caring for the client and maintain a distance of at least 3 feet from the client.

B. Airborne: Incorrect. Airborne precautions are used for diseases that are transmitted by small particles that remain suspended in the air for long periods of time, such as tuberculosis, measles, or chickenpox. The nurse should wear a respirator and place the client in a negative-pressure room.

C. Contact: Incorrect. Contact precautions are used for diseases that are transmitted by direct or indirect contact with the client or the client's environment, such as Clostridium difficile, scabies, or MRSA. The nurse should wear gloves and a gown and use dedicated equipment for the client.

D. Protective environment: Incorrect. Protective environment precautions are used for clients who are immunocompromised and at risk of infection from others, such as clients who have had a stem cell transplant or are receiving chemotherapy. The nurse should wear a mask, gloves, and a gown and place the client in a positive-pressure room with HEPA filtration.

A. Assess the client's IV site every 8 hr. B. Check the client's WBC count every 48 hr. C. Monitor the client's mouth every 8 hr. D. Change the client's IV tubing every 48 hr.

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

A. Incorrect. The nurse should assess the client's IV site every hour to prevent infection and phlebitis.

B. Incorrect. The nurse should check the client's WBC count every day to monitor for signs of infection or bone marrow suppression.

C. Correct. The nurse should monitor the client's mouth every 8 hr for signs of oral candidiasis, which is a common fungal infection in immunosuppressed clients.

D. Incorrect. The nurse should change the client's IV tubing every 24 hr to reduce the risk of bacterial contamination.

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A nurse is providing teaching to family members of a client who has dementia. Which of the following instructions should the nurse include in the teaching?

Nursing Test Bank

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