A nurse is providing teaching to a client who is at 32 weeks of gestation and is experiencing stress incontinence. Which of the following information should the nurse include in the teaching? (Select all that apply.)
Decrease dietary fiber.
Practice Kegel exercises.
Restrict daily fluid intake.
Reduce caffeine intake.
Avoid daily exercise.
Correct Answer : B,D
Choice A rationale:
This would be incorrect advice. Increasing dietary fiber is commonly recommended during pregnancy to prevent constipation, but it does not address stress incontinence.
Choice B rationale:
This is a correct choice. Kegel exercises are beneficial during pregnancy to strengthen the pelvic floor muscles, which can help manage stress incontinence.
Choice C rationale:
This would be incorrect advice. Restricting daily fluid intake during pregnancy is generally not recommended as it can lead to dehydration and is unlikely to improve stress incontinence.
Choice D rationale:
This is another correct choice. Caffeine is a bladder irritant and can worsen stress incontinence, so reducing caffeine intake can be helpful.
Choice E rationale:
This would be incorrect advice. Regular exercise during pregnancy is generally encouraged unless there are specific medical reasons to avoid it. Avoiding daily exercise is not the appropriate approach to manage stress incontinence.
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Correct Answer is D
Explanation
Choice A rationale:
Decreasing fiber intake is not a recommended action for urinary incontinence. Fiber intake is related to bowel health and does not directly affect urinary incontinence.
Choice B rationale:
Avoiding Kegel exercises is not recommended for urinary incontinence. Kegel exercises are beneficial for strengthening the pelvic floor muscles, which can help improve urinary continence.
Choice C rationale:
Restricting fluid intake to 1 liter per day is not advisable for urinary incontinence. Adequate hydration is essential for overall health, and limiting fluid intake can lead to dehydration and other health issues.
Choice D rationale:
Reducing intake of caffeinated and carbonated beverages is a helpful recommendation for a client experiencing urinary incontinence. Caffeine and carbonation can irritate the bladder and worsen incontinence symptoms.
Correct Answer is B
Explanation
Rationale for A: Peanut butter contains high levels of phenylalanine, which can be harmful to individuals with phenylketonuria (PKU) and should be avoided.
Rationale for B: A sliced apple and red grapes are low in phenylalanine and provide essential vitamins and nutrients, making them a safe choice for someone with PKU.
Rationale for C: A chocolate chip cookie and skim milk contain phenylalanine, which is contraindicated for individuals with PKU.
Rationale for D: A scrambled egg with cheddar cheese is high in protein and phenylalanine, making it unsuitable for someone with PKU.
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