A nurse is providing teaching on common symptoms of glomerulonephritis. What assessment findings are consistent with this diagnosis? (Select all that apply.)
Proteinuria
Hypertension
Periorbital edema
Hypotension
Hematuria
Correct Answer : A,B,C,E
Choice A rationale
Proteinuria, or the presence of an abnormal amount of protein in the urine, is a hallmark sign of glomerulonephritis. It occurs due to the increased permeability of the glomerular filtration barrier.
Choice B rationale
Hypertension is often associated with glomerulonephritis. The damage to the glomeruli can lead to salt and water retention, contributing to high blood pressure.
Choice C rationale
Periorbital edema, which is swelling around the eyes, is a common early symptom of glomerulonephritis. It is caused by fluid retention and leakage into the tissue.
Choice D rationale
Hypotension is not typically associated with glomerulonephritis. In fact, hypertension is more common due to the reasons mentioned above.
Choice E rationale
Hematuria, or blood in the urine, is another common finding in glomerulonephritis. It results from the inflammation and damage to the glomeruli, allowing red blood cells to leak into the urine.
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Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is C
Explanation
Choice A rationale
While having extra pillows can help with comfort, it does not address the primary safety concern associated with ascites, which is the risk of falls due to altered center of gravity and balance.
Choice B rationale
The advice about undergarments is not a safety precaution but rather a comfort consideration. It is less critical than ensuring the client's safety while ambulating.
Choice C rationale
This is the correct choice because it directly addresses a significant safety risk for the client. Ascites can greatly affect balance, increasing the risk of falls, which can lead to serious injury, especially in older adults.
Choice D rationale
While exercise is important, this statement is overly restrictive and not accurate. Clients with ascites can often still engage in exercise, albeit modified, to accommodate their condition and under medical supervision.
Correct Answer is C
Explanation
Choice A rationale
Hemorrhage refers to bleeding, which can be a serious complication of peptic ulcer disease but does not lead to the spilling of gastric contents into the peritoneal cavity.
Choice B rationale
Dumping syndrome is a condition where food moves too quickly from the stomach to the small intestine, which can cause symptoms like nausea and abdominal pain, but it does not involve the leakage of gastric contents into the peritoneal cavity.
Choice C rationale
Perforation is the correct answer because it describes a hole forming in the wall of the stomach or duodenum, allowing gastric contents to spill into the peritoneal cavity, leading to peritonitis, which is a severe and life-threatening condition.
Choice D rationale
Gastric outlet obstruction is a blockage at the end of the stomach that prevents contents from entering the small intestine, which can cause vomiting and abdominal pain, but it does not result in the leakage of gastric contents into the peritoneal cavity.
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