A nurse is providing teaching on common symptoms of glomerulonephritis. What assessment findings are consistent with this diagnosis? (Select all that apply.)
Proteinuria
Hypertension
Periorbital edema
Hypotension
Hematuria
Correct Answer : A,B,C,E
Choice A rationale
Proteinuria, or the presence of an abnormal amount of protein in the urine, is a hallmark sign of glomerulonephritis. It occurs due to the increased permeability of the glomerular filtration barrier.
Choice B rationale
Hypertension is often associated with glomerulonephritis. The damage to the glomeruli can lead to salt and water retention, contributing to high blood pressure.
Choice C rationale
Periorbital edema, which is swelling around the eyes, is a common early symptom of glomerulonephritis. It is caused by fluid retention and leakage into the tissue.
Choice D rationale
Hypotension is not typically associated with glomerulonephritis. In fact, hypertension is more common due to the reasons mentioned above.
Choice E rationale
Hematuria, or blood in the urine, is another common finding in glomerulonephritis. It results from the inflammation and damage to the glomeruli, allowing red blood cells to leak into the urine.
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Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is ["B","C"]
Explanation
Choice A rationale
While infections can occur in IBD, the primary goal is not to combat infection but to manage the underlying inflammation¹.
Choice B rationale
Controlling inflammation is a key treatment goal in IBD to alleviate symptoms and induce and maintain remission².
Choice C rationale
Correcting and preventing malnutrition is essential in IBD management due to potential nutrient absorption issues¹.
Choice D rationale
Increasing stress is not a treatment goal for IBD. In fact, reducing stress can help manage IBD symptoms².
Choice E rationale
While IBD currently has no cure, the goals are to manage symptoms, induce remission, and improve quality of life².
Correct Answer is ["B","D","E"]
Explanation
Choice A rationale
While family history can contribute to the risk of developing certain conditions, it is not a direct risk factor for peptic ulcer disease.
Choice B rationale
A long-term smoking history is a known risk factor for peptic ulcer disease as it can increase gastric acid secretion and reduce the production of substances that protect the stomach lining.
Choice C rationale
The client denies alcohol use; therefore, it is not a contributing risk factor in this case. However, alcohol use is generally a risk factor for PUD due to its irritating effect on the stomach lining.
Choice D rationale
Being positive for Helicobacter pylori is one of the strongest risk factors for peptic ulcer disease. This bacterium damages the protective mucosal layer of the stomach and duodenum, leading to chronic inflammation and allowing acid to injure the underlying tissue. It is the leading cause of most gastric and duodenal ulcers worldwide.
Choice E rationale
NSAID use is a well-established risk factor for peptic ulcer disease as these medications can disrupt the protective lining of the stomach, leading to ulcers.
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