A nurse is educating the public at a health fair about colorectal cancer. Which of the following risk factors increase the risk of developing colorectal cancer? (Select all that apply.)
Smoking
Obesity
Limiting alcohol intake to less than four drinks per week
More than seven servings of red meat per week
A diet high in fruits, vegetables, and grains
Correct Answer : A,B,D
Choice A rationale
Smoking is a well-established risk factor for colorectal cancer. The carcinogens in tobacco smoke can lead to the formation of cancerous cells in the colon and rectum.
Choice B rationale
Obesity increases the risk of colorectal cancer, possibly due to chronic low-level inflammation associated with excess body fat, which can contribute to cancer development.
Choice C rationale
Limiting alcohol intake to less than four drinks per week is actually a protective measure against colorectal cancer, not a risk factor.
Choice D rationale
A high intake of red meat, particularly more than seven servings per week, has been linked to an increased risk of colorectal cancer due to compounds formed during digestion that can damage the lining of the colon and rectum.
Choice E rationale
A diet high in fruits, vegetables, and grains is generally considered protective against colorectal cancer due to the fiber and nutrients they provide, not a risk factor.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is ["A","C","E"]
Explanation
Choice A rationale
Monitoring fluid and electrolytes is essential in managing ascites to prevent complications such as fluid overload or electrolyte imbalances, which can exacerbate the condition.
Choice B rationale
Providing a high-sodium diet is not recommended for patients with ascites. Sodium restriction is typically advised to help manage fluid retention.
Choice C rationale
Anticipating paracentesis is appropriate as it is a procedure used to remove excess fluid from the abdominal cavity, providing relief from discomfort and respiratory difficulty.
Choice D rationale
Encouraging high-fluid intake is not recommended for ascites management. Fluid restriction may be necessary to prevent further accumulation of fluid in the abdominal cavity.
Choice E rationale
Administering an albumin infusion can be part of the treatment for ascites, especially following paracentesis, to help maintain blood volume and pressure.
Correct Answer is D
Explanation
Choice A rationale
Pericardiocentesis is a procedure used to remove fluid from the pericardial sac and is not typically used to treat atrial fibrillation. It is more commonly indicated for conditions such as pericardial effusion or cardiac tamponade.
Choice B rationale
Septal myectomy is a surgical intervention to remove part of the thickened septal wall that separates the ventricles of the heart. It is primarily used to treat hypertrophic cardiomyopathy, not atrial fibrillation.
Choice C rationale
A pericardial window is a procedure that creates an opening in the pericardium to allow fluid to drain into the surrounding chest cavity. This procedure is not a treatment for atrial fibrillation.
Choice D rationale
Synchronized electrical cardioversion is a procedure where a controlled electric shock is delivered to the heart to restore a normal rhythm. It is a common and effective treatment for atrial fibrillation, especially when the condition is causing significant symptoms like palpitations, lightheadedness, and shortness of breath.
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