A nurse is providing teaching about the expected effects of magnesium sulfate to a client who is at 28 weeks of gestation and has preeclampsia. Which of the following responses by the nurse is appropriate?

This medication increases cardiac output

This medication stabilizes the fetal heart rate

The medication improves tissue perfusion

The medication prevents seizures

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is D

A. This medication increases cardiac output: Magnesium sulfate does not typically increase cardiac output. Its primary role in the context of preeclampsia is to prevent seizures and manage hypertension.

B. This medication stabilizes the fetal heart rate: While magnesium sulfate can have a relaxing effect on the uterus, which might indirectly influence fetal heart rate, its primary purpose in preeclampsia is seizure prevention rather than fetal heart rate stabilization.

C. The medication improves tissue perfusion: Magnesium sulfate primarily functions as an anticonvulsant and tocolytic (relaxes the uterus). While its effects on vasodilation can contribute to improved blood flow, the primary indication in preeclampsia is seizure prevention.

D. The medication prevents seizures

Magnesium sulfate is commonly used in the management of preeclampsia to prevent seizures (eclampsia), a serious complication of the condition. It has anticonvulsant properties and is the primary medication for seizure prophylaxis in pregnant individuals with preeclampsia.

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Correct Answer is B

Explanation

A. Give oxytocin 20 units IV bolus: Oxytocin is a medication used to induce or augment labor, and it is not the appropriate intervention for a client with placenta previa and significant vaginal bleeding. The priority in this situation is to assess and manage the bleeding.

B. Obtain serial hemoglobin and hematocrit: This is the correct action. Placenta previa can lead to significant bleeding, and obtaining serial hemoglobin and hematocrit levels will help monitor the extent of blood loss and guide decisions regarding transfusions or other interventions.

C. Perform a fundal massage: Fundal massage is not the appropriate intervention for placenta previa. In cases of placenta previa, the placenta is covering or near the cervical os, and vigorous fundal massage can worsen bleeding.

D. Assess for abdominal tenderness: While assessing for abdominal tenderness is important in the overall assessment of a pregnant client, in the context of active bleeding with placenta previa, the immediate focus should be on assessing the extent of bleeding and the client's hemodynamic status.

A. Plan to administer ephedrine IV. B. Prepare to initiate cardiopulmonary resuscitation C. Assist the client to empty their bladder D. Assess the presence of clonus.

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

A. Plan to administer ephedrine IV: Ephedrine is a medication commonly used to treat hypotension. While addressing hypotension may be necessary in the management of AFE, the priority is to initiate immediate life-saving measures, such as CPR.

B. Prepare to initiate cardiopulmonary resuscitation: This is the correct answer. In the event of AFE, the client may experience sudden cardiovascular collapse and respiratory distress. Prompt initiation of CPR is crucial to support vital functions and improve the chances of survival.

C. Assist the client to empty their bladder: While assisting the client to empty the bladder is a routine measure, it is not the priority in the management of AFE. Immediate attention to the life-threatening complications is necessary.

D. Assess the presence of clonus: Clonus refers to a series of involuntary, rhythmic, muscular contractions and relaxations. While neurological signs may be assessed in the overall evaluation of a client, it is not the priority in the acute management of AFE.

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A nurse is providing teaching about the expected effects of magnesium sulfate to a client who is at 28 weeks of gestation and has preeclampsia. Which of the following responses by the nurse is appropriate?

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