A nurse is providing teaching about the Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension (DASH) diet to a client who has hypertension. Which of the following instructions should the nurse include?
Consume ten percent of total calories from saturated fat.
Consume foods that are high in calcium.
Increase intake of refined carbohydrates.
Limit sodium intake to 3,200 milligrams per day.
The Correct Answer is B
Choice A reason: Consuming ten percent of total calories from saturated fat is not a part of the DASH diet because it is too high for most adults. The DASH diet recommends consuming less than seven percent of total calories from saturated fat, which translates to about 16 g of saturated fat per day for an average adult who consumes 2,000 calories per day.
Choice B reason: Consuming foods that are high in calcium is a part of the DASH diet because it can help lower blood pressure by relaxing the blood vessels and reducing the force of contraction of the heart. The DASH diet recommends consuming 1,000 to 1,200 mg of calcium per day, which can be obtained from dairy products, leafy greens, beans, nuts, and fortified foods.
Choice C reason: Increasing intake of refined carbohydrates is not a part of the DASH diet because it can raise blood sugar and insulin levels, which can increase blood pressure and damage the blood vessels. The DASH diet recommends consuming 45 to 55 percent of total calories from carbohydrates, but mostly from whole grains, fruits, and vegetables, which are rich in fiber and antioxidants.
Choice D reason: Limiting sodium intake to 3,200 milligrams per day is not a part of the DASH diet because it is too high for most adults. The DASH diet recommends limiting sodium intake to 2,300 milligrams per day or less, which can help lower blood pressure by reducing fluid retention and vascular resistance.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is D
Explanation
Choice A reason: The client's creatinine level of 1.0 mg/dL is within the normal range (0.6-1.2), but it does not indicate the effectiveness of the treatment for benign prostatic hyperplasia. Creatinine is a waste product of muscle metabolism that is filtered by the kidneys. High creatinine levels can indicate kidney damage or impaired renal function.
Choice B reason: The client's urine output of 35 mL/hr is below the normal range (40-60), and it indicates the need for further assessment. Low urine output can indicate dehydration, urinary retention, or kidney failure.
Choice C reason: The client's stool consistency and color are not related to the treatment for benign prostatic hyperplasia. Soft, brown stool is normal and does not indicate any problem with the digestive system.
Choice D reason: The client's ability to urinate without straining indicates that the treatment for benign prostatic hyperplasia has been effective. Benign prostatic hyperplasia is a condition in which the prostate gland enlarges and compresses the urethra, causing difficulty in urination. Treatment options include medication, surgery, or minimally invasive procedures to reduce the size of the prostate and relieve urinary obstruction.
Correct Answer is D
Explanation
Choice A reason: Hemoglobin 16 g/dL is within the normal range for adults and does not indicate an adverse effect of TPN.
Choice B reason: Temperature 36.1°C (97°F) is normal and does not indicate an infection or inflammation, which are possible complications of TPN.
Choice C reason: Blood glucose 98 mg/dL is normal and does not indicate hyperglycemia or hypoglycemia, which are common problems associated with TPN.
Choice D reason: Weight gain of 1.5 kg (3 lB. per day is excessive and indicates fluid overload, which can result from too rapid or too high infusion of TPN. Fluid overload can cause edema, hypertension, heart failure, and pulmonary congestion.
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