A nurse is providing teaching about the Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension (DASH) diet to a client who has hypertension. Which of the following instructions should the nurse include?

Consume ten percent of total calories from saturated fat.

Consume foods that are high in calcium.

Increase intake of refined carbohydrates.

Limit sodium intake to 3,200 milligrams per day.

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is B

Choice A reason: Consuming ten percent of total calories from saturated fat is not a part of the DASH diet because it is too high for most adults. The DASH diet recommends consuming less than seven percent of total calories from saturated fat, which translates to about 16 g of saturated fat per day for an average adult who consumes 2,000 calories per day.

Choice B reason: Consuming foods that are high in calcium is a part of the DASH diet because it can help lower blood pressure by relaxing the blood vessels and reducing the force of contraction of the heart. The DASH diet recommends consuming 1,000 to 1,200 mg of calcium per day, which can be obtained from dairy products, leafy greens, beans, nuts, and fortified foods.

Choice C reason: Increasing intake of refined carbohydrates is not a part of the DASH diet because it can raise blood sugar and insulin levels, which can increase blood pressure and damage the blood vessels. The DASH diet recommends consuming 45 to 55 percent of total calories from carbohydrates, but mostly from whole grains, fruits, and vegetables, which are rich in fiber and antioxidants.

Choice D reason: Limiting sodium intake to 3,200 milligrams per day is not a part of the DASH diet because it is too high for most adults. The DASH diet recommends limiting sodium intake to 2,300 milligrams per day or less, which can help lower blood pressure by reducing fluid retention and vascular resistance.

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Correct Answer is A

Explanation

Choice A reason: Baked sweet potato is a good source of iron, which is a mineral that helps make hemoglobin, the protein in red blood cells that carries oxygen. Iron deficiency can cause anemia, weakness, fatigue, and pale skin.

Choice B reason: Cauliflower is not a good source of iron, but it is a good source of vitamin C, which can help increase iron absorption from plant sources. Cauliflower is also a good source of fiber, folate, and antioxidants.

Choice C reason: Egg white omelet is not a good source of iron, but it is a good source of protein, which can help with tissue repair and growth. Egg white omelet is also low in fat and cholesterol.

Choice D reason: Brown rice is not a good source of iron, but it is a good source of carbohydrates, which can provide energy and prevent protein breakdown. Brown rice is also a good source of fiber, B vitamins, and magnesium.

A. Dilute formula with 1 tablespoon of water. B. Place the newborn in a side-lying position if vomiting. C. Position the newborn at a 20-degree angle after feeding. D. Provide a small feeding just before bedtime.

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

Choice A reason: Dilute formula with 1 tablespoon of water is not a correct instruction for GER. Diluting formula can reduce the nutritional value and increase the volume of the feedings, which can worsen GER symptoms and cause dehydration and malnutrition.

Choice B reason: Place the newborn in a side-lying position if vomiting is not a correct instruction for GER. This position can increase the risk of aspiration, which is the inhalation of vomit into the lungs. Aspiration can cause pneumonia, respiratory distress, and death.

Choice C reason: Position the newborn at a 20-degree angle after feeding is a correct instruction for GER. This position can help prevent reflux by using gravity to keep the stomach contents down. The newborn should be kept upright for at least 30 minutes after each feeding.

Choice D reason: Provide a small feeding just before bedtime is not a correct instruction for GER. This can increase the likelihood of reflux during sleep, as the stomach will be full and prone to regurgitation. The last feeding should be given at least 2 to 3 hours before bedtime.

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A nurse is providing teaching about the Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension (DASH) diet to a client who has hypertension. Which of the following instructions should the nurse include?

Nursing Test Bank

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

A nurse is teaching a client about foods high in iron. Which of the following food choices by the client indicates an understanding of the teaching?

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

A nurse is providing teaching to the parent of a newborn who has gastroesophageal reflux (GER). Which of the following instructions should the nurse include?

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

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