A nurse is providing preoperative teaching to an older adult female client who is scheduled for a laminectomy and uses supplements. Which of the following supplements should the nurse identify as increasing the client's risk for hypotension during surgery?

Probiotics

Black Cohosh

soy

Flaxseed

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is B

Rationale:

A. Probiotics: Probiotics are used to support gastrointestinal and immune health and do not significantly affect blood pressure or pose a known risk for intraoperative hypotension.

B. Black Cohosh: Black cohosh is often used to manage menopausal symptoms and is known to cause vasodilation, which can lower blood pressure. When combined with anesthetic agents, it can potentiate hypotensive effects during surgery.

C. Soy: Soy is consumed for its phytoestrogenic effects but does not have a direct or significant hypotensive action that increases surgical risk. Its impact on intraoperative blood pressure is minimal.

D. Flaxseed: Flaxseed may offer mild antihypertensive effects over time due to its omega-3 content, but it is not typically associated with clinically significant drops in blood pressure during surgery.

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Correct Answer is B

Explanation

Rationale:

A. Limit your fluid intake to 500 milliliters per day: Restricting fluids to this extent can lead to dehydration and concentrated urine, which may irritate the bladder and worsen incontinence symptoms. Maintaining adequate hydration is essential during bladder retraining.

B. Plan to urinate every 3 hours while you are awake: Scheduled voiding every 2 to 3 hours helps train the bladder to hold urine for longer intervals and reduces urgency episodes. This is a core component of effective bladder retraining for urge incontinence.

C. Decrease your intake of cranberry juice: Cranberry juice may help prevent urinary tract infections, though its benefit in incontinence management is limited. There is no need to avoid it unless advised for another reason, as it is not a known bladder irritant.

D. Take your diuretic medication with your evening meal: Taking diuretics late in the day increases nighttime urine production, leading to nocturia and disturbed sleep. Diuretics should be taken in the morning to align with daytime urinary patterns and reduce bladder strain at night.

A. Refer to the hallucinations as if they are real B. Ask the client directly what they are hearing C. Avoid eye contact with the client. D. Encourage the client to lie down in a quiet room.

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

Rationale:

A. Refer to the hallucinations as if they are real: Acknowledging hallucinations as real reinforces the client’s delusions and may worsen their psychosis. The nurse should avoid validating the hallucinations while still responding with empathy and support.

B. Ask the client directly what they are hearing: Directly asking helps assess the content, intensity, and risk associated with the hallucinations. It also opens therapeutic communication and enables the nurse to determine if the client poses a danger to themselves or others.

C. Avoid eye contact with the client: Avoiding eye contact can hinder trust and communication. Establishing a calm and respectful presence, including appropriate eye contact, supports rapport and promotes client engagement.

D. Encourage the client to lie down in a quiet room: While reducing external stimuli can help manage hallucinations, isolating the client without first assessing the hallucination’s content may not be appropriate. This action also doesn’t address the client's perception or emotional needs directly

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A nurse is providing preoperative teaching to an older adult female client who is scheduled for a laminectomy and uses supplements. Which of the following supplements should the nurse identify as increasing the client's risk for hypotension during surgery?

Nursing Test Bank

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