A nurse is providing education to a client in the first trimester of pregnancy. What information should the nurse include regarding the cause of indigestion and heartburn?
Increased pancreatic activity during pregnancy causes fat intolerance.
Increased estrogen production causes more hydrochloric acid in the stomach.
Pressure from the growing uterus pushes up on the stomach and intestines.
Progesterone causes relaxation of the cardiac sphincter allowing acid to reflux.
The Correct Answer is D
Choice A rationale:
Increased pancreatic activity during pregnancy causing fat intolerance is not related to the cause of indigestion and heartburn. Pancreatic activity can change during pregnancy, but it does not directly impact indigestion and heartburn.
Choice B rationale:
Increased estrogen production causing more hydrochloric acid in the stomach is not the cause of indigestion and heartburn during pregnancy. While hormones can influence digestion, the mechanism for indigestion and heartburn lies elsewhere.
Choice C rationale:
Pressure from the growing uterus pushing up on the stomach and intestines is a contributing factor to indigestion and heartburn during pregnancy. However, it is not the primary cause. The main cause is related to the relaxation of the cardiac sphincter.
Choice D rationale:
Progesterone causes relaxation of the cardiac sphincter, which is a muscular valve that prevents stomach acid from flowing back into the esophagus. When this sphincter relaxes, it can lead to acid reflux and subsequent indigestion and heartburn during pregnancy. The nurse should educate the client about this hormonal effect to help manage these symptoms effectively.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is B
Explanation
Choice A rationale:
An axillary temperature of 36.5°C (97.7°F) is within the normal range for a newborn. Normal axillary temperature for a newborn is typically between 36.5°C to 37.5°C (97.7°F to 99.5°F).
Choice B rationale:
This is the correct choice. Nasal flaring in a newborn is a concerning sign and may indicate respiratory distress. It suggests that the baby is having difficulty breathing and should be reported to the provider for further evaluation.
Choice C rationale:
A heart rate of 158/min is within the normal range for a newborn. The normal heart rate for a newborn can range from 100 to 160 beats per minute.
Choice D rationale:
Having one void since birth is not a concerning finding for a 10-hour-old newborn. In the early hours of life, the frequency of voids may vary, but the baby should have an increasing number of wet diapers in the following days.
Correct Answer is C
Explanation
Choice A rationale:
Palpating the client's uterine fundus is an essential nursing intervention after childbirth to assess for uterine atony or excessive bleeding. However, in this scenario, the client has already saturated two perineal pads with blood in a short period, indicating active bleeding. Therefore, the priority is to take immediate action to stop the bleeding, rather than assessing the uterine fundus.
Choice B rationale:
Assisting the client on a bedpan to urinate is important for postpartum care and can help prevent bladder distension and discomfort. However, it is not the priority in this situation where the client is experiencing significant postpartum bleeding. Managing the bleeding is the primary concern at this time.
Choice C rationale:
The correct priority nursing intervention is to prepare to administer oxytocic medication. Oxytocic drugs, such as oxytocin (Pitocin), are used to stimulate uterine contractions and prevent or treat postpartum hemorrhage. Administering this medication promptly can help control the bleeding and prevent further complications.
Choice D rationale:
Increasing the client's fluid intake may be beneficial for postpartum hydration, especially if the client has lost a significant amount of blood. However, it is not the priority in this situation. Managing the postpartum bleeding takes precedence, and if intravenous fluids are needed, they can be given concurrently with the administration of oxytocic medication.
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