A nurse is providing discharge teaching about safety considerations to an older adult client who lives at home. The client has heart failure and a new prescription for hydrochlorothiazide. Which of the following statements by the client indicates an understanding of the teaching?

"I will weigh myself once weekly."

"I will take my new medication in the evening."

"I will take a hot bath before going to bed."

"I will leave a light on in my bathroom at night."

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is D

A. "I will weigh myself once weekly." Clients with heart failure should weigh themselves daily to monitor for fluid retention. A sudden weight gain (e.g., 2-3 lbs in 24 hours or 5 lbs in a week) may indicate worsening heart failure and should be reported to the provider.

B. "I will take my new medication in the evening." Hydrochlorothiazide is a diuretic that increases urine output. Taking it in the evening can lead to nocturia and sleep disturbances. Instead, it should be taken in the morning to minimize nighttime urination.

C. "I will take a hot bath before going to bed." Hot baths can cause vasodilation, leading to a drop in blood pressure (orthostatic hypotension), which increases the risk of dizziness and falls, especially in older adults taking diuretics. A warm (not hot) bath is safer.

D. "I will leave a light on in my bathroom at night." Older adults, especially those taking diuretics like hydrochlorothiazide, are at increased risk for nocturia and falls due to frequent trips to the bathroom. Keeping a light on in the bathroom at night enhances visibility and reduces the risk of falls, which is a major concern in this population.

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Correct Answer is C

Explanation

A. Corneas with an opaque appearance:

An opaque appearance of the corneas indicates an abnormal finding and could suggest a pathological condition such as corneal edema, scarring, or infection. The corneas should normally be clear and transparent to allow light to pass through to the retina.

B. Pupils that are 8 to 9 mm in diameter:

Pupils that are 8 to 9 mm in diameter are abnormally large and dilated. Normal pupil size varies between approximately 2 to 4 mm in diameter under normal lighting conditions. An 8 to 9 mm diameter suggests mydriasis, which may be caused by various factors such as medications, neurological conditions, or trauma.

C. Eyelashes that curl slightly outward.

Eyelashes that curl slightly outward are a normal finding and help to protect the eyes by preventing foreign particles from entering. This finding is considered within the range of normal anatomy and physiology of the eye.

D. Eyelids that blink involuntarily 30 to 35 times per minute:

While blinking is a normal physiological response that helps to keep the surface of the eye moist and clear debris, the rate of involuntary blinking typically ranges from 15 to 20 times per minute in adults, not 30 to 35 times per minute. A higher rate of blinking could indicate irritation, dryness, or other ocular discomfort.

A. Ensure that the client's bed is in the lowest position. B. Assess skin temperature and color before applying the restraints. C. Attach the client's restraints toe bed rail. D. Pad bony prominences before applying the restraints. E. Secure restraints to allow three fingers to slide under the restraints

Correct Answer is ["A","B","D"]

Explanation

A. Ensure that the client's bed is in the lowest position.

Keeping the bed in the lowest position helps prevent injury if the client tries to get out of bed, especially when restrained.

B. Assess skin temperature and color before applying the restraints.

This action ensures proper circulation and skin integrity while the restraints are in use. It helps prevent skin breakdown and injury.

C. Attach the client's restraints to the bed rail.

Attaching restraints to the bed rail is not considered a best practice as it can increase the risk of injury to the client. Restraints should be secured to the bed frame or another stable part of the bed to minimize the risk of harm.

D. Pad bony prominences before applying the restraints.

Padding bony prominences such as elbows and wrists helps prevent pressure ulcers and discomfort caused by the restraints.

E. Secure restraints to allow three fingers to slide under the restraints.

Restraints should be secured to allow only two fingers to slide under the restraints to ensure they are not too loose or too tight.

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A nurse is providing discharge teaching about safety considerations to an older adult client who lives at home. The client has heart failure and a new prescription for hydrochlorothiazide. Which of the following statements by the client indicates an understanding of the teaching?

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