A nurse is providing CPR to a client. Which of the following aspects of CPR are different in the community versus in the hospital? (Select All that Apply.)

In the community, the nurse should notify emergency services.

Compression rates and depths vary depending on the setting.

In the hospital, codes are addressed by an interprofessional team.

In the community, the nurse might use laypeople for assistance.

In the community, the use of automated external defibrillators (AEDs) requires the presence of a health care provider.

Answer and Explanation

Correct Answer : A,C,D

A. In the community, the nurse should notify emergency services: In a community setting, such as outside the hospital or in a public area, it is essential to activate emergency medical services (EMS) by calling for help immediately when initiating CPR.

B. Compression rates and depths vary depending on the setting: Compression rates and depths for CPR follow standardized guidelines set by organizations such as the American Heart Association (AHA) and may not significantly differ between community and hospital settings. These guidelines typically recommend a compression rate of 100-120 compressions per minute and a compression depth of at least 2 inches (5 centimeters) for adults.

C. In the hospital, codes are addressed by an interprofessional team: In a hospital setting, cardiac arrest situations are typically addressed by an interprofessional team consisting of physicians, nurses, respiratory therapists, and other healthcare providers. This team-based approach allows for coordinated efforts in resuscitation, including advanced interventions such as airway management, medications, and defibrillation.

D. In the community, the nurse might use laypeople for assistance: In a community setting, especially if the nurse is providing CPR outside of a healthcare facility, there may be a need to involve laypeople or bystanders for assistance. Promptly recruiting bystanders to call for help, retrieve an AED if available, or assist with chest compressions can improve outcomes for the victim of cardiac arrest.

E. In the community, the use of automated external defibrillators (AEDs) requires the presence of a health care provider: In many community settings, including public places like shopping malls, airports, and schools, automated external defibrillators (AEDs) are available for use by laypeople or bystanders. While the presence of a healthcare provider is beneficial, AEDs are designed to provide audio and visual instructions for use by individuals without medical training, allowing for rapid defibrillation in cases of sudden cardiac arrest.

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Correct Answer is D

Explanation

A) Hypoxia and acidosis While hypoxia and acidosis are serious complications of shock, they are physiological rather than psychological outcomes. These conditions primarily affect the body's metabolic and respiratory functions, rather than mental health or behavior.

B) Hearing deficits and increased risk of glaucoma Hearing deficits and increased risk of glaucoma are potential complications associated with certain medical conditions or medications but are not directly related to the psychological outcomes of shock. These conditions affect sensory perception (hearing and vision) rather than mental health or behavior.

C) Bipolar behaviors and schizotypal behaviors Bipolar behaviors and schizotypal behaviors are manifestations of mood and psychotic disorders, respectively, and are not typical adverse outcomes of shock. While psychological disturbances can occur in critically ill patients, they are not commonly characterized by specific psychiatric diagnoses like bipolar or schizotypal behaviors.

D) Disorientation and depression Disorientation and depression are common adverse psychological outcomes experienced by patients who have spent an extended period in the intensive care unit (ICU) due to complications related to shock. Prolonged ICU stays, medical interventions, sedation, and physical discomfort can contribute to feelings of confusion, disorientation, and depression in patients. Therefore, it is essential for the nurse to educate the client about these potential psychological effects and provide appropriate support and resources to address them during the transition to the medical unit.

A. Colchicine B. Acetaminophen C. Indomethacin D. Amiodarone E. Nitroglycerine

Correct Answer is ["A","C"]

Explanation

A. Colchicine:

Colchicine is commonly used in the treatment of pericarditis, especially in cases of recurrent or refractory pericarditis.

It helps reduce inflammation and alleviate symptoms by inhibiting the migration of neutrophils to the inflamed pericardium.

Colchicine is often used in conjunction with nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) or corticosteroids for the management of pericarditis.

B. Acetaminophen:

Acetaminophen is a pain reliever and fever reducer commonly used to manage mild to moderate pain associated with various conditions, including pericarditis.

While acetaminophen may provide symptomatic relief, it is not typically considered a primary treatment for pericarditis, especially in cases of severe or recurrent pericarditis.

C. Indomethacin:

Indomethacin is a nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID) that can help reduce inflammation and relieve pain associated with pericarditis.

NSAIDs are often used as first-line therapy for acute pericarditis to alleviate symptoms such as chest pain and fever.

However, caution should be exercised when using NSAIDs in certain populations, such as older adults or those with preexisting gastrointestinal or renal conditions.

D. Amiodarone:

Amiodarone is an antiarrhythmic medication used to treat various types of arrhythmias, including ventricular arrhythmias and atrial fibrillation.

While pericarditis may lead to certain arrhythmias, such as atrial fibrillation, amiodarone is not a first-line treatment for pericarditis itself.

However, it may be used in cases where pericarditis is complicated by arrhythmias or concomitant cardiac conditions.

E. Nitroglycerine:

Nitroglycerine is a vasodilator medication commonly used to treat angina and heart failure.

While pericarditis may cause chest pain similar to angina, nitroglycerine is not typically used as a primary treatment for pericarditis.

In fact, nitroglycerine may exacerbate symptoms of pericarditis by causing venodilation and increasing cardiac preload.

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A nurse is providing CPR to a client. Which of the following aspects of CPR are different in the community versus in the hospital? (Select All that Apply.)

Nursing Test Bank

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

A nurse is providing care to a client who has spent several weeks in the intensive care unit because of complications related to shock. What adverse psychological outcomes should the nurse educate the client about prior to transfer to the medical unit?

Correct Answer is D

Explanation

A nurse is preparing to administer medications to a client who has pericarditis. Which of the following medications should the nurse anticipate administering to this client? (Select All That Apply)

Correct Answer is ["A","C"]

Explanation

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