A nurse is preparing a presentation at a senior center about age-related musculoskeletal changes. Which of the following changes should the nurse plan to include?
Reduced chest width
Increased force of isometric contraction
Decreased muscle mass
Thickened vertebral discs
The Correct Answer is C
Choice A reason:
Reduced chest width: Aging does not typically result in a reduced chest width. Instead, changes in posture and the curvature of the spine can make the chest appear less prominent. The primary musculoskeletal changes with aging involve bone density, muscle mass, and joint flexibility
Choice B reason:
Increased force of isometric contraction: This is incorrect. Aging is associated with a decrease in muscle strength and mass, not an increase. The force of muscle contractions generally diminishes with age due to the loss of muscle fibers and changes in muscle composition.
Choice C reason:
Decreased muscle mass: This is correct. One of the most significant age-related musculoskeletal changes is sarcopenia, which is the loss of muscle mass and strength. This process begins around the age of 30 and accelerates with age, leading to decreased physical strength and increased risk of falls and fractures.
Choice D reason:
Thickened vertebral discs: Aging typically leads to the thinning and dehydration of intervertebral discs, not thickening. This can result in a reduction in height and increased susceptibility to spinal issues such as herniated discs and spinal stenosis.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is ["0.8"]
Explanation
Step 1: Determine the dosage required. Required dosage = 30 mg
Step 2: Determine the concentration of the available solution. Available concentration = 40 mg/mL
Step 3: Calculate the volume to be administered. Volume to be administered = Required dosage ÷ Available concentration Volume to be administered = 30 mg ÷ 40 mg/mL
Step 4: Perform the division. 30 ÷ 40 = 0.75
Step 5: Round the answer to the nearest tenth. Rounded volume = 0.8 mL
The nurse should administer 0.8 mL.
Correct Answer is C
Explanation
Choice A reason: Exophthalmos
Exophthalmos, or bulging eyes, is not a typical symptom of hypothyroidism. Instead, it is commonly associated with hyperthyroidism, particularly Graves’ disease. In hypothyroidism, the thyroid gland is underactive, leading to a different set of symptoms.
Choice B reason: Photophobia
Photophobia, or sensitivity to light, is not a common symptom of hypothyroidism. While hypothyroidism can cause a variety of symptoms, photophobia is more often associated with conditions affecting the eyes or the nervous system.
Choice C reason: Lethargy
Lethargy, or extreme fatigue, is a common symptom of hypothyroidism. When the thyroid gland does not produce enough thyroid hormones, the body’s metabolism slows down, leading to feelings of tiredness and lack of energy. This is one of the hallmark symptoms of hypothyroidism and can significantly impact a person’s daily life.
Choice D reason: Weight Loss
Weight loss is not typically associated with hypothyroidism. In fact, weight gain is more common due to the slowed metabolism caused by an underactive thyroid. Individuals with hypothyroidism often experience difficulty losing weight and may gain weight even with a normal diet and exercise routine.
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