A nurse is planning to teach a client who is scheduled for an intravenous pyelogram (IVP). Which of the following statements should the nurse include in the teaching?

Choice A reason:
Clay-colored stools are typically associated with issues in the biliary system, such as bile duct obstruction, and not directly with aspirin use. Aspirin, especially when used in high doses, is more commonly associated with gastrointestinal side effects like bleeding, which would likely cause dark or bloody stools rather than clay-colored ones.

Choice B reason:
Nystagmus, which is a vision condition characterized by repetitive, uncontrolled eye movements, is not a recognized side effect of aspirin. While aspirin can have effects on various systems in the body, it does not typically affect the muscles or nerves controlling eye movements.

Choice C reason:
Tinnitus, or ringing in the ears, is a well-documented adverse effect of aspirin, particularly when taken in high doses or for a prolonged period. It is related to the effect of aspirin on the inner ear structures and is usually reversible once the medication is stopped or the dosage is reduced.

Choice D reason:
Respiratory depression is not a typical side effect of aspirin. Aspirin can cause respiratory alkalosis in cases of overdose due to hyperventilation, but it does not cause respiratory depression. If respiratory depression occurs, it would likely be due to a different cause and not the aspirin itself.

Choice A reason:
Keeping artificial nails trimmed is a recommended practice in healthcare settings to maintain effective hand hygiene. Long nails can harbor bacteria and make it difficult to clean hands thoroughly. However, the CDC does not provide specific guidelines on the length of artificial nails for healthcare workers.

Choice B reason:
When caring for a client with Clostridium difficile, it is recommended to wash hands with soap and water rather than using alcohol-based hand rubs. Alcohol-based hand rubs are not effective against C. difficile spores. Therefore, thorough handwashing with soap and water is necessary to remove spores.

Choice C reason:
Chlorhexidine is an antiseptic agent that provides broad-spectrum antimicrobial activity and is recommended for hand hygiene in certain situations, such as before invasive procedures or for clients who are immunosuppressed. It is effective against a wide range of bacteria, viruses, and fungi, making it a suitable choice for immunocompromised patients to reduce the risk of infection.

Choice D reason:
The use of alcohol-based hand rubs before administering eye drops is not specifically recommended. While hand hygiene is essential before any contact with a patient, there is no particular preference for alcohol-based hand rubs in this context. The primary concern is to ensure that hands are clean to prevent contamination of the eye drops or the patient's eyes.