A nurse is caring for a client who has erectile dysfunction. Which of the following lab tests should the nurse expect will be ordered to evaluate this client? (Select All that Apply.)

Choice A reason:
This choice suggests a pH of 7.50, which is indicative of alkalosis, and not typically expected in a client with chronic kidney disease (CKD). CKD often leads to metabolic acidosis due to the accumulation of acids in the body as the kidneys fail to excrete them. The HCO₃⁻ level of 20 mEq/L is slightly lower than the normal range (22-26 mEq/L), and the PaCO₂ of 32 mm Hg is within the normal range (35-45 mm Hg), but these values do not align with the expected acidosis associated with CKD.

Choice B reason:
This set of values is consistent with metabolic acidosis, which is commonly seen in clients with CKD. A pH of 7.25 indicates acidemia, and an HCO₃⁻ level of 19 mEq/L is below the normal range, suggesting a primary metabolic acidosis. The PaCO₂ of 30 mm Hg is at the lower end of the normal range, which may indicate a compensatory respiratory response to the metabolic acidosis.

Choice C reason:
A pH of 7.30, while on the lower side, is not as acidic as one would expect in a client with CKD. The HCO₃⁻ level of 26 mEq/L is within the normal range, and a PaCO₂ of 50 mm Hg suggests respiratory acidosis, which is not the primary disorder in CKD.

Choice D reason:
This choice indicates a pH of 7.55, which is too alkaline and not characteristic of CKD, where metabolic acidosis is the expected finding. An HCO₃⁻ level of 30 mEq/L is higher than the normal range, suggesting metabolic alkalosis. The PaCO₂ of 31 mm Hg is slightly below the normal range, possibly indicating a compensatory response, but it does not align with the metabolic acidosis typically seen in CKD.

Choice A reason:
Telling a client that they will be at an increased risk of breast cancer due to fibrocystic breast changes would be incorrect. Fibrocystic breast changes are not directly linked to an increased risk of breast cancer. While the presence of complex fibrocystic changes may slightly elevate the risk, fibrocystic breasts themselves are a common and benign condition.

Choice B reason:
It is not accurate to say that the manifestations of fibrocystic breasts often get worse after menopause. In fact, fibrocystic changes are related to hormone levels, and most women experience relief from these symptoms after menopause when hormone levels decline.

Choice C reason:
Stating that menopause won't have any effect on the manifestations is also incorrect. Menopause typically leads to a decrease in hormone levels, which are associated with fibrocystic breast changes. Therefore, most women see an improvement in their symptoms after menopause.

Choice D reason:
The most appropriate response is that the manifestations usually go away after menopause. Fibrocystic breast changes are linked to hormonal fluctuations, and after menopause, when these fluctuations cease, the symptoms of fibrocystic breasts typically resolve.