A nurse is caring for a client who has erectile dysfunction. Which of the following lab tests should the nurse expect will be ordered to evaluate this client? (Select All that Apply.)

Choice A reason: Effective hand hygiene is the most important measure to prevent the transmission of hepatitis A, as the virus can be spread through close personal contact and by eating food or drinking water handled by someone who is infected¹. Handwashing with soap and water after using the bathroom, changing diapers, and before preparing or eating food is crucial.

Choice B reason: While avoiding raw foods can help prevent the transmission of various foodborne illnesses, hepatitis A is not commonly associated with raw foods unless they are contaminated during handling after cooking. However, it is still a good practice to avoid raw or undercooked foods in areas where hepatitis A is common.

Choice C reason:
Hepatitis A virus is primarily transmitted via the fecal-oral route, not through sexual contact. However, barrier protection can reduce the risk of transmission for many other infections, including other types of viral hepatitis that are sexually transmitted.

Choice D reason:
Eating at fast food restaurants is not inherently risky for hepatitis A transmission unless the food or water is contaminated. It is more important to ensure that all food is properly handled and cooked, regardless of the dining establishment.

Choice A reason:
Urine-specific gravity measures the concentration of urine compared to water. It can indicate various conditions affecting the kidneys, but it does not provide a direct measure of renal function. It can be affected by hydration status and does not specifically reflect kidney damage or disease.

Choice B reason:
Blood urea nitrogen (BUN) levels can indicate kidney health; however, BUN can also be influenced by factors such as protein intake, hydration, and liver function. Therefore, while it is a useful test, it is not the most specific indicator of renal function in isolation.

Choice C reason:
Serum sodium levels are important for assessing electrolyte balance and can be affected by kidney function. However, changes in serum sodium are not specific to kidney function alone and can result from a variety of conditions.

Choice D reason:
Serum creatinine is a waste product from the normal breakdown of muscle tissue. As the kidneys are responsible for filtering out creatinine, its level in the blood is a good indication of kidney function. Elevated levels of serum creatinine may indicate impaired kidney function or kidney disease. In the context of SLE, where kidney involvement is common, serum creatinine is a crucial marker for monitoring renal function.