A nurse is planning care for several clients. Which client(s) are at an increased risk for malnutrition? Select all that apply.

A client undergoing peritoneal dialysis.

A client recovering from a severe burn injury.

A client living with progressing dementia.

A client experiencing severe depression.

A client receiving intravenous fluids for diarrhea.

Answer and Explanation

Correct Answer : A,B,C,D,E

A. A client undergoing peritoneal dialysis is at an increased risk for malnutrition due to the loss of protein and other nutrients during the dialysis process. This can lead to deficiencies if not properly managed with dietary adjustments and supplementation.

B. A client recovering from a severe burn injury has increased metabolic demands and nutrient needs for wound healing and recovery. Without adequate nutrition, these clients are at high risk for malnutrition and related complications.

C. A client living with progressing dementia may experience difficulties with eating and maintaining proper nutrition due to cognitive decline. This can lead to unintentional weight loss and malnutrition if not addressed with appropriate interventions.

D. A client experiencing severe depression may have a reduced appetite and lack of interest in food, leading to inadequate nutrient intake and potential malnutrition. Depression can significantly impact dietary habits and overall nutritional status.

E. A client receiving intravenous fluids for diarrhea is at risk for malnutrition due to the loss of fluids and electrolytes. Diarrhea can lead to dehydration and nutrient deficiencies, making it essential to monitor and address the nutritional needs of these clients.

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Correct Answer is C

Explanation

Choice C reason:

Maintaining a low-fat diet for 6 weeks is crucial after a laparoscopic cholecystectomy because the gallbladder, which stores bile to help digest fats, has been removed. Without the gallbladder, the body needs time to adjust to digesting fats directly from the liver. A low-fat diet helps prevent digestive discomfort and complications such as diarrhea and bloating. This dietary adjustment supports the healing process and ensures the client can gradually return to a normal diet without experiencing significant digestive issues.

Choice A reason:

Avoiding adding salt to food for 4 weeks is not directly related to the recovery process after a laparoscopic cholecystectomy. While reducing salt intake can be beneficial for overall health, it does not address the specific dietary needs following gallbladder removal. The primary focus should be on managing fat intake to aid digestion and recovery.

Choice B reason:

Maintaining a low-residue diet for 6 weeks is not necessary for clients who have undergone a laparoscopic cholecystectomy. A low-residue diet is typically recommended for individuals with certain gastrointestinal conditions to reduce bowel movements and allow the intestines to heal. However, this is not relevant to gallbladder removal recovery, where the emphasis should be on fat intake management.

Choice D reason:

Avoiding complex sugars for 4 weeks is not a standard recommendation for clients recovering from a laparoscopic cholecystectomy. While managing sugar intake can be part of a healthy diet, it does not specifically address the digestive changes and needs following gallbladder removal. The key dietary focus should be on reducing fat intake to support digestion and recovery.

A. Twenty-four hour food recall, preferences, and allergies. B. Triceps skin fold and mid-arm circumference. C. Weight loss history and body surface area (BSA). D. Body mass index (BMI) and serum albumin level.

Correct Answer is D

Explanation

Choice D reason:

Body mass index (BMI) and serum albumin level are critical indicators of nutritional status. BMI provides a measure of body fat based on height and weight, which helps assess whether a client is underweight, normal weight, overweight, or obese. Serum albumin level is a marker of protein status and overall nutritional health. Low albumin levels can indicate malnutrition, inflammation, or chronic illness. Together, these parameters give a comprehensive picture of the client’s nutritional status and help guide appropriate interventions.

Choice A reason:

A twenty-four-hour food recall, preferences, and allergies provide useful information about the client’s dietary habits and potential food sensitivities. However, they do not directly measure the client’s nutritional status. These details are important for planning dietary interventions but are not the most indicative parameters of malnutrition.

Choice B reason:

Triceps skin fold and mid-arm circumference are anthropometric measurements that can help assess body fat and muscle mass. While they are useful for evaluating nutritional status, they are less comprehensive than BMI and serum albumin levels. These measurements alone do not provide a complete picture of the client’s overall nutritional health.

Choice C reason:

Weight loss history and body surface area (BSA) can provide insights into changes in the client’s weight and body composition over time. However, they do not directly measure current nutritional status. BSA is more commonly used for calculating medication dosages rather than assessing nutrition.

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A nurse is planning care for several clients. Which client(s) are at an increased risk for malnutrition? Select all that apply.

Nursing Test Bank

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

The nurse is providing discharge instructions to a client who underwent a laparoscopic cholecystectomy. Which instruction should the nurse include in the teaching?

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

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Correct Answer is D

Explanation

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