A nurse is planning care for an older adult client who has dementia. Which of the following interventions should the nurse include in the plan of care? (Select all that apply.)

Reinforce orientation to time, place, and person.

Allow the client to choose among a variety of activities each day.

Give the client one simple direction at a time.

Establish eye contact when communicating with the client.

Refute the client's delusions using logic.

Answer and Explanation

Correct Answer : A,C,D

A. Correct. Reinforcing orientation to time, place, and person helps ground the client in reality, even if their memory is impaired.

B. Incorrect. While it's important to provide the client with some choices, too many options can be overwhelming and confusing.

C. Correct. Providing one simple direction at a time helps prevent confusion and frustration for clients with dementia.

D. Correct. Establishing eye contact while communicating can enhance the client's focus and understanding.

E. Incorrect. It's generally not effective to try to refute a client's delusions using logic.

Redirecting or validating their feelings might be more appropriate.

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Correct Answer is ["B","C","E","F"]

Explanation

A. Attends school regularly: While attending school regularly is important, it is not an immediate concern that requires follow-up compared to the other more pressing issues related to the traumatic event and the client's mental well-being.
B. Caregiver reporting client acting differently than usual: This finding requires immediate follow-up because it indicates a change in the client's behavior and could be indicative of emotional distress or mental health issues, especially considering the recent traumatic event they experienced.

C. Witnessing their family's death: Witnessing the death of family members in a traumatic event like a tornado is a significant and potentially traumatizing experience that requires immediate follow-up and support.
D. Heart rate 99/min: While a heart rate of 99/min is slightly elevated, it is not a critical finding that requires immediate follow-up in this context. The other findings are more relevant to the client's psychological well-being.
E. Smoking marijuana to clear their mind: The client's use of marijuana to cope with their thoughts and feelings should be addressed promptly, as it could indicate maladaptive coping mechanisms or potential substance abuse.
F. Client experiences nightmares: Experiencing nightmares could be a symptom of post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) or other mental health concerns related to the traumatic event.
G. BP 122/80 mm Hg: A blood pressure of 122/80 mm Hg is within a normal range and is not a cause for immediate concern.
H. Startles easy during thunderstorm: While startle responses can be related to anxiety, this specific finding is not as pressing as the client's reported coping mechanisms and traumatic experiences.

A. Suggest rinsing his mouth with an alcohol-based mouthwash. B. Provide humidification of the room air. C. Offer the client saltine crackers between meals. D. Instruct the client on the use of esophageal speech.

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

A. Alcohol-based mouthwashes can exacerbate dry mouth (xerostomia) and should be avoided.
B. Correct. Providing humidification of the room air can help alleviate the symptoms of xerostomia.
C. Saltine crackers may not significantly help with xerostomia.
D. Esophageal speech is unrelated to xerostomia.

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A nurse is planning care for an older adult client who has dementia. Which of the following interventions should the nurse include in the plan of care? (Select all that apply.)

Nursing Test Bank

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

Correct Answer is ["B","C","E","F"]

Explanation

A nurse is caring for a client who reports xerostomia following radiation therapy to the mandible. Which of the following is an appropriate action by the nurse?

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

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