A nurse is planning care for an older adult client who has dementia. Which of the following interventions should the nurse include in the plan of care? (Select all that apply.)

Reinforce orientation to time, place, and person.

Allow the client to choose among a variety of activities each day.

Give the client one simple direction at a time.

Establish eye contact when communicating with the client.

Refute the client's delusions using logic.

Answer and Explanation

Correct Answer : A,C,D

A. Correct. Reinforcing orientation to time, place, and person helps ground the client in reality, even if their memory is impaired.

B. Incorrect. While it's important to provide the client with some choices, too many options can be overwhelming and confusing.

C. Correct. Providing one simple direction at a time helps prevent confusion and frustration for clients with dementia.

D. Correct. Establishing eye contact while communicating can enhance the client's focus and understanding.

E. Incorrect. It's generally not effective to try to refute a client's delusions using logic.

Redirecting or validating their feelings might be more appropriate.

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Correct Answer is C

Explanation

A. Incorrect. Headache can be associated with various conditions, but it is not a specific manifestation of hypovolemia.
B. Incorrect. Shortness of breath can occur in conditions affecting the respiratory system, such as pneumonia or asthma, but it is not a primary manifestation of hypovolemia.
C. Correct. Dizziness is a common manifestation of hypovolemia due to decreased blood volume and inadequate perfusion to the brain.
D. Incorrect. Epistaxis (nosebleed) might not be directly related to hypovolemia. It could be associated with other factors, such as dry air or nasal irritation.

A. "You don't have to go through with the treatment." B. "Your doctor wouldn't have ordered this treatment unless it was necessary." C. "Most people who have this procedure feel better following the treatment." D. "It's okay to be nervous before this treatment."

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

A. Correct. Informed consent means the client has the right to refuse treatment even after giving initial consent. The nurse should respect the client's autonomy and decision.

B. Incorrect. This statement does not respect the client's right to make decisions about her treatment.

C. Incorrect. While this statement might be true for some individuals, it does not address the client's current hesitation and does not respect her autonomy.

D. Incorrect. This statement does not address the client's expressed hesitation about the treatment.

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A nurse is planning care for an older adult client who has dementia. Which of the following interventions should the nurse include in the plan of care? (Select all that apply.)

Nursing Test Bank

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

A nurse is assessing a client who is experiencing hypovolemia. Which of the following manifestations should the nurse expect?

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

A nurse is caring for a client who has given informed consent for electroconvulsive therapy. Just before the procedure, the client tells the nurse she is considering not going forward with the treatment. Which of the following statements by the nurse is appropriate?

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

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