A nurse is planning care for a client who takes several cardiac medications. The nurse should recognize which of the following medications places the client at risk for orthostatic hypotension? (select all that apply)

Clopidogrel

Clonidine

Hydralazine

Nifedipine

Gemfibrozil

Answer and Explanation

Correct Answer : B,C

Rationale:

A. Clopidogrel is an antiplatelet medication used to prevent blood clots, and it is not associated with orthostatic hypotension.

B. Clonidine is an antihypertensive medication that can cause orthostatic hypotension, particularly when changing positions from lying to standing.

C. Hydralazine is an antihypertensive medication that can cause orthostatic hypotension, particularly at higher doses.

D. Nifedipine, a calcium channel blocker, is generally associated with a risk of hypotension; however, it is not specifically indicated as a common cause of orthostatic hypotension.

E. Gemfibrozil is a lipid-lowering medication and is not associated with orthostatic hypotension.

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Correct Answer is C

Explanation

Rationale:

A. Heparin and warfarin do not work to lower blood pressure. Their primary action is to prevent blood clots, not to affect blood pressure.

B. While heparin can help prevent the extension of existing blood clots, it does not typically dissolve clots. Warfarin is used for long-term anticoagulation and works by inhibiting the synthesis of clotting factors.

C. Heparin is often used initially to rapidly anticoagulate a patient while waiting for the therapeutic effects of warfarin to take effect. Warfarin is then used long-term to prevent future clots from forming.

D. Heparin and warfarin are often given together initially, especially in certain clinical situations such as acute deep vein thrombosis or pulmonary embolism, to achieve rapid anticoagulation while waiting for the therapeutic effects of warfarin. However, careful monitoring is required to minimize the risk of hemorrhage.

A. I should take this medication before going to bed. B. I should take one tablet at the first indication of chest pain. C. I should take one tablet every 15 minutes during an acute attack. D. I should take 1 tablet when my blood pressure is high.

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

Rationale:

A. Nitroglycerin is typically taken as needed for angina symptoms, not routinely before going to bed.

B. Taking one tablet at the first indication of chest pain is the correct instruction for using nitroglycerin to relieve angina symptoms.

C. While multiple doses of nitroglycerin may be needed during an acute angina attack, they should be spaced at least 5 minutes apart, not every 15 minutes.

D. Nitroglycerin is not typically used to lower blood pressure. It is primarily used to relieve angina symptoms by dilating blood vessels and improving blood flow to the heart.

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A nurse is planning care for a client who takes several cardiac medications. The nurse should recognize which of the following medications places the client at risk for orthostatic hypotension? (select all that apply)

Nursing Test Bank

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

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Correct Answer is C

Explanation

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Correct Answer is B

Explanation

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