A nurse is planning care for a client who has undergone cardiac catheterization through the femoral artery. Which of the following actions should the nurse plan to take?

Instruct the client to perform range-of-motion exercises to his lower extremities.

Ambulate the client 1 hour following the procedure.

Restrict the client's fluid intake.

Assess the color, temperature, and pulse in the affected extremity.

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is D

Choice A reason: Instructing the client to perform range-of-motion exercises to his lower extremities immediately after cardiac catheterization is not recommended. The client should maintain bed rest with the affected leg straight to prevent bleeding from the catheter insertion site.

Choice B reason: Ambulating the client 1 hour following the procedure is not advised. After femoral artery access, the client is typically required to remain on bed rest with the affected leg straight for several hours to ensure hemostasis and prevent bleeding².

Choice C reason: Restricting the client's fluid intake is not a standard post-procedure action. Adequate hydration is important after cardiac catheterization to help flush the contrast dye used during the procedure from the body, unless contraindicated.

Choice D reason: Assessing the color, temperature, and pulse in the affected extremity is crucial for detecting signs of bleeding, hematoma formation, or arterial occlusion. These assessments should be performed regularly as part of post-cardiac catheterization care².

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Correct Answer is B

Explanation

Choice A reason: A BUN level of 8 mg/dL and creatinine level of 0.7 mg/dL are within normal ranges and would not be expected in a client with CKD².

Choice B reason: Elevated BUN and creatinine levels, such as 45 mg/dL and 8 mg/dL respectively, are indicative of impaired kidney function, which is consistent with CKD².

Choice C reason: A BUN level of 10 mg/dL and creatinine level of 0.3 mg/dL are lower than the expected values for a client with CKD, indicating better kidney function than typically seen in CKD².

Choice D reason: A BUN level of 23 mg/dL and creatinine level of 1.0 mg/dL may be slightly elevated but are not as indicative of CKD as the values in choice B².

A. Hypokalemia B. Anemia C. Hypertension D. Crackles in the lungs E. Lethargy F. Proteinuria

Correct Answer is ["B","C","E","F"]

Explanation

Choice A: Hypokalemia, or low potassium levels in the blood, is not typically associated with CKD. In fact, patients with advanced CKD are more likely to experience hyperkalemia, which is an elevated potassium level, due to the kidneys’ decreased ability to excrete potassium. The normal range for serum potassium is 3.5 to 5.0 mmol/L.

Choice B: Anemia is a common finding in CKD and is due to the kidneys’ reduced production of erythropoietin, a hormone that stimulates the bone marrow to produce red blood cells. Symptoms of anemia include fatigue, weakness, and pale skin. The normal range for hemoglobin in adults is 13.8 to 17.2 grams per deciliter for men and 12.1 to 15.1 grams per deciliter for women.

Choice C: Hypertension, or high blood pressure, is both a cause and a complication of CKD. The kidneys play a crucial role in regulating blood pressure, and as their function declines, hypertension becomes more common. The normal range for blood pressure is typically considered to be 120/80 mmHg.

Choice D: Crackles in the lungs Crackles in the lungs are not a direct manifestation of CKD, but they can occur if the condition leads to fluid overload and heart failure, resulting in pulmonary edema. This is a secondary complication rather than a direct symptom of CKD.

Choice E: Lethargy and a general feeling of malaise are common in CKD due to the buildup of toxins and waste products in the blood that the kidneys can no longer effectively filter out. This can also lead to decreased mental sharpness and a reduced quality of life.

Choice F: Proteinuria, or the presence of excess protein in the urine, is a hallmark sign of CKD. It indicates damage to the kidneys’ filtering units, allowing protein that would normally be retained to leak into the urine. Persistent proteinuria is a sign of chronic kidney damage.

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A nurse is planning care for a client who has undergone cardiac catheterization through the femoral artery. Which of the following actions should the nurse plan to take?

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