A nurse is performing Leopold maneuvers on a client who is in labor and determines the fetus is in an ROA position. Which of the following fetal presentations should the nurse document in
the client's medical record?
Shoulder
Mentum
Breech
Vertex
The Correct Answer is D
Leopold maneuvers are used to determine the fetal position and presentation by palpating the abdomen. ROA stands for Right Occiput Anterior, which means the baby's head is presenting and facing towards the mother's right side (Occiput) and positioned anteriorly (front of the pelvis).
This position is a common and favorable presentation for a vaginal delivery.
Choice A: Shoulder presentation is when the baby is presenting with the shoulder rather than the head. It is an abnormal presentation and requires a cesarean delivery.
Choice B: Mentum presentation is a type of face presentation, where the baby's chin (mentum) is presenting instead of the head. It is also an abnormal presentation and usually requires a cesarean delivery.
Choice C: Breech presentation is when the baby's buttocks or feet are presenting first instead of the head. It is another abnormal presentation that may require a cesarean delivery or careful vaginal delivery with a skilled healthcare provider.
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Related Questions
Correct Answer is B
Explanation
A. "I will monitor my weight gain during the remaining months."
Correct: Monitoring weight gain during pregnancy is an appropriate action as it helps to ensure the baby's growth and overall health.
B. "I will use only nonprescription medications while pregnant."
Incorrect: This statement indicates a need for further teaching. Nonprescription medications may not be safe during pregnancy, as some overthecounter drugs can potentially harm the
fetus. It's essential for pregnant women to consult their healthcare provider before taking any medications.
C. "I will tell my doctor before using home remedies for nausea."
Correct: This statement shows the client's understanding that it's important to consult with their healthcare provider before using any home remedies during pregnancy, as some
remedies may not be safe for the developing fetus.
D. "I will reduce my stress level."
Correct: Managing stress during pregnancy is beneficial for both the mother and the baby. It indicates a good understanding of selfcare during pregnancy.
Correct Answer is D
Explanation
Choice A: Smoking is not directly associated with the development of type 1 diabetes mellitus in the baby.
Choice B: While smoking during pregnancy can have various effects on the baby's health, hearing loss is not one of the common complications.
Choice C: Although smoking during pregnancy is associated with an increased risk of congenital heart defects, intrauterine growth restriction is a more likely complication based on the client's smoking history.
Choice D: Smoking during pregnancy is associated with various adverse outcomes for both the mother and the baby. It can cause intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR), where the baby does not grow at the expected rate and has a lower birth weight. Smoking reduces blood flow to the placenta, which can affect the baby's growth and development.
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