A nurse is performing an assessment for a newborn and notes breast tissue that has a flat areola with no bud. The nurse should identify that this finding indicates which of the following conditions?
Preterm gestational age.
Decreased maternal hormones during pregnancy.
Congenital anomaly.
Ambiguous secondary sex characteristics.
The Correct Answer is A
Choice A rationale: Flat areola without breast bud indicates immature breast tissue development, a marker of preterm gestational age due to incomplete fetal maturation of secondary sexual characteristics.
Choice B rationale: Maternal hormones influence neonatal breast tissue temporarily, but absence of bud reflects developmental immaturity rather than decreased maternal hormones during pregnancy.
Choice C rationale: Congenital anomalies involve structural malformations, not absence of breast bud, which is a normal developmental stage in preterm infants rather than a pathological anomaly.
Choice D rationale: Ambiguous secondary sex characteristics refer to atypical genital or pubertal development, not neonatal breast tissue maturity, making this unrelated to the flat areola finding.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is B
No explanation
Correct Answer is B
Explanation
Choice A rationale:
Amniotic fluid embolism is a rare but serious complication during labor or immediately after delivery, where amniotic fluid, fetal cells, hair, or other debris enter the mother's bloodstream and cause a severe reaction. While it may present with sudden and severe symptoms, such as hypotension and respiratory distress, it does not typically cause uterine rupture.
Choice B rationale:
Uterine rupture is a life-threatening emergency that can occur during labor, especially in women with previous uterine surgeries or trauma. The sudden, severe lower abdominal pain, drop in blood pressure, cool skin, and pallor could indicate internal bleeding and shock, which are consistent with uterine rupture. Prolonged bradycardia on the fetal heart rate tracing suggests fetal distress due to compromised blood flow.
Choice C rationale:
Umbilical cord prolapse is another obstetric emergency that occurs when the umbilical cord slips through the cervix and gets compressed during labor, leading to fetal distress. It may cause variable decelerations in fetal heart rate, but it does not explain the maternal symptoms described in the scenario, such as the sudden, severe lower abdominal pain, hypotension, cool skin, and pallor.
Choice D rationale:
Placenta previa is a condition where the placenta covers part or all of the cervix, and it can lead to painless vaginal bleeding. While it can cause fetal distress, it does not explain the maternal symptoms like the sudden, severe lower abdominal pain, hypotension, cool skin, and pallor. Prolonged bradycardia on the fetal heart rate tracing is more suggestive of uterine rupture.
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