A nurse is performing an abdominal ultrasound for a client who is at 28 weeks of gestation.

The nurse should instruct the client to do which of the following before the procedure?

Drink several glasses of water.

Empty her bladder completely.

Lie on her right side

Fast for at least 4 hours.

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is A

The woman should drink several glasses of water before the abdominal ultrasound procedure.

This is because a full bladder helps to push the intestines away and improve the visibility of the uterus and the fetus.

Drinking water also helps to avoid gas buildup in the abdomen, which could interfere with the sound waves.

Choice B is wrong because emptying the bladder would make it harder to see the uterus and the fetus.

Choice C is wrong because lying on the right side would not affect the quality of the ultrasound image.

Choice D is wrong because fasting is not necessary for an abdominal ultrasound, unless instructed by the doctor for a specific reason.

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Correct Answer is A

Explanation

The baby’s heart beat is audible by a Doppler stethoscope at 12 weeks of pregnancy.

This is a device that uses sound waves to create an image of the baby’s heart and measure its rate and rhythm.

Some possible explanations for the other choices are:

Choice B is wrong because the baby’s sex can not be determined by ultrasound at 8 weeks of pregnancy.

The external genitalia are not fully developed until around 14 to 16 weeks of pregnancy.

Even then, the accuracy of ultrasound depends on factors such as the position of the baby, the quality of the equipment, and the skill of the sonographer.

Choice C is wrong because the baby’s lungs are not fully mature by 24 weeks of pregnancy.

The lungs are one of the last organs to develop in the fetus and they continue to grow and mature until near term.

The production of surfactant, a substance that helps the lungs expand and prevent collapse, begins around 24 weeks but is not sufficient until around 34 to 36 weeks.

Choice D is wrong because the baby’s eyes do not open and close by 16 weeks of pregnancy.

The eyelids are fused together until around 26 to 28 weeks of pregnancy, when they start to open and close periodically.

The baby can also respond to light and dark stimuli around this time.

A. Late decelerations of the FHR with less than 50% of contractions. B. Late decelerations of the FHR with at least 50% of contractions. C. No late decelerations of the FHR during contractions. D. Variable decelerations of the FHR with or without contractions.

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

An equivocal CST indicates late decelerations of the FHR with less than 50% of contractions.

This means that the fetus may have some degree of hypoxia or distress, but not enough to warrant immediate delivery.

An equivocal CST may also result from hyperstimulation of the uterus, which can cause excessive contractions and reduce blood flow to the placenta.

Choice B is wrong because late decelerations of the FHR with at least 50% of contractions is a positive CST, which indicates a high risk of fetal death due to hypoxia and is a contraindication to labor.

Choice C is wrong because no late decelerations of the FHR during contractions is a negative CST, which indicates a good fetal wellbeing and tolerance of labor.

Choice D is wrong because variable decelerations of the FHR with or without contractions are not related to uterine activity and may indicate cord compression or other fetal problems.

Variable decelerations are not used to interpret CST results.

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A nurse is performing an abdominal ultrasound for a client who is at 28 weeks of gestation. The nurse should instruct the client to do which of the following before the procedure?

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A nurse is performing an abdominal ultrasound for a client who is at 28 weeks of gestation.

The nurse should instruct the client to do which of the following before the procedure?