A nurse is performing an abdominal ultrasound for a client who is at 28 weeks of gestation.
The nurse should instruct the client to do which of the following before the procedure?
Drink several glasses of water.
Empty her bladder completely.
Lie on her right side
Fast for at least 4 hours.
The Correct Answer is A
The woman should drink several glasses of water before the abdominal ultrasound procedure.
This is because a full bladder helps to push the intestines away and improve the visibility of the uterus and the fetus.
Drinking water also helps to avoid gas buildup in the abdomen, which could interfere with the sound waves.
Choice B is wrong because emptying the bladder would make it harder to see the uterus and the fetus.
Choice C is wrong because lying on the right side would not affect the quality of the ultrasound image.
Choice D is wrong because fasting is not necessary for an abdominal ultrasound, unless instructed by the doctor for a specific reason.
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Correct Answer is A
Explanation
The test involves an ultrasound and a nonstress test.
A biophysical profile (BPP) is a way to check on the overall fetal health by observing the fetus’s heart rate, breathing, movement, muscle tone, and the amount of amniotic fluid surrounding the fetus in the uterus.
It is typically performed after 28 weeks of pregnancy, especially for high-risk pregnancies or if there is a chance of complications.
Choice B is wrong because a contraction stress test is not part of a BPP.
A contraction stress test measures how the fetus’s heart rate changes during contractions induced by oxytocin or nipple stimulation.
It is a different test from a nonstress test, which measures the fetus’s heart rate while moving and at rest without any stimulation.
Choice C is wrong because a Doppler ultrasound is not part of a BPP.
A Doppler ultrasound uses sound waves to measure the blood flow in the umbilical cord and other blood vessels.
It is a different type of ultrasound from the one used in a BPP, which uses sound waves to create images of the fetus and the amniotic fluid.
Choice D is wrong because it combines two incorrect components from choices B and C. A BPP does not involve a Doppler ultrasound or a contraction stress test.
Correct Answer is A
Explanation
This result suggests that the baby has a low risk of having a genetic disorder or a neural tube defect.
Choice B is wrong because a high level of AFP indicating a neural tube defect would be greater than 2 MoM.
Choice C is wrong because a low level of AFP indicating a potential chromosomal abnormality would be less than 0.5 MoM.
Choice D is wrong because an inconclusive result, requiring further evaluation, would depend on other factors such as ultrasound findings and maternal age.
MoM stands for multiples of the median, which is a way of comparing the AFP level of a pregnant person to the average level for their gestational age.
Values between 0.5 and 2.49 MoM are considered normal.
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