A nurse is reviewing the results of an Alpha-fetoprotein Test (AFP) with a pregnant client.

What does a low level of AFP (<0.5 MoM) potentially indicate?

Neural tube defect.

Chromosomal abnormality.

Maternal weight-related factors.

Fetal demise.

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is B

A low level of AFP (<0.5 MoM) in a pregnant woman can indicate that the fetus has a chromosomal abnormality, such as Down syndrome or Edwards syndrome.

This is because these conditions affect the development of the fetal liver, which produces AFP.

Choice A is wrong because neural tube defects, such as spina bifida, are associated with high levels of AFP (>2.5 MoM) in the maternal blood.

This is because AFP can leak from the open spinal canal of the fetus into the amniotic fluid and then into the maternal blood.

Choice C is wrong because maternal weight-related factors do not affect the level of AFP in the maternal blood.

However, they can affect the interpretation of the AFP test results, as the test needs to be adjusted for maternal weight, age, ethnicity, and gestational age.

Choice D is wrong because fetal demise (death) can also cause high levels of AFP in the maternal blood, as the AFP from the dead fetus can leak into the amniotic fluid and then into the maternal blood.

Normal ranges of AFP in pregnant women vary depending on the gestational age and the method of measurement.

Generally, normal levels of AFP are below 10 ng/ml in nonpregnant adults and below 2.5 MoM in pregnant women.

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Correct Answer is A

Explanation

This is because migraine headaches with aura are a contraindication for receiving oral contraceptives, as they increase the risk of stroke and other cardiovascular complications.

Some possible explanations for the other choices are:

Choice B: A 32-year-old client who has endometriosis.

This is not a contraindication for receiving oral contraceptives, as they can actually help reduce the symptoms of endometriosis by suppressing ovulation and reducing menstrual bleeding.

Choice C: A 28-year-old client who has polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS).

This is not a contraindication for receiving oral contraceptives, as they can help regulate the menstrual cycle and lower the levels of androgens (male hormones) that cause acne, hirsutism (excess hair growth), and other problems in women with PCOS.

Choice D: A 22-year-old client who has irregular menstrual cycles.

This is not a contraindication for receiving oral contraceptives, as they can help normalize the menstrual cycle and prevent unintended pregnancy.

Normal ranges for oral contraceptive doses are:

Estrogen: 10 to 35 mcg of ethinyl estradiol or estradiol valerate

Progestin: varies depending on the type and brand of oral contraceptive

A. Drink several glasses of water. B. Empty her bladder completely. C. Lie on her right side D. Fast for at least 4 hours.

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

The woman should drink several glasses of water before the abdominal ultrasound procedure.

This is because a full bladder helps to push the intestines away and improve the visibility of the uterus and the fetus.

Drinking water also helps to avoid gas buildup in the abdomen, which could interfere with the sound waves.

Choice B is wrong because emptying the bladder would make it harder to see the uterus and the fetus.

Choice C is wrong because lying on the right side would not affect the quality of the ultrasound image.

Choice D is wrong because fasting is not necessary for an abdominal ultrasound, unless instructed by the doctor for a specific reason.

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A nurse is reviewing the results of an Alpha-fetoprotein Test (AFP) with a pregnant client. What does a low level of AFP (<0.5 MoM) potentially indicate?

Nursing Test Bank

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

A nurse is reviewing contraception options for four clients. The nurse should identify that which of the following clients has a contraindication for receiving oral contraceptives?

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

A nurse is performing an abdominal ultrasound for a client who is at 28 weeks of gestation. The nurse should instruct the client to do which of the following before the procedure?

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

A nurse is caring for a patient who had an amniocentesis performed at 16 weeks gestation and reports cramping and vaginal bleeding 24 hours later which action should be taken first?

A nurse is educating a pregnant client about the Non-Stress Test (NST). Which statement by the client indicates understanding of the test?

A nurse is reviewing the results of an Alpha-fetoprotein Test (AFP) with a pregnant client. What does a low level of AFP (<0.5 MoM) potentially indicate?

A client is scheduled for an abdominal ultrasound in two weeks to assess fetal growth and development during pregnancy. Which of these statements made by the client indicates that further teaching is needed?

A nurse is caring for a client who had an amniocentesis at 16 weeks gestation and reports cramping and vaginal bleeding 24 hours later. Which of the following actions should the nurse take first?

A nurse is caring for a client who is scheduled for an amniocentesis. Which of the following should the nurse report to the provider?

A nurse is preparing a client for a biophysical profile (BPP). The nurse should instruct the client that the test involves which of the following procedures?

A nurse is caring for a client who has oligohydramnios and is undergoing a biophysical profile (BPP). The nurse should expect to see which of the following findings on the ultrasound?

A nurse is reviewing the results of an Alpha-fetoprotein Test (AFP) with a pregnant client.

What does a low level of AFP (<0.5 MoM) potentially indicate?