A nurse is obtaining the length and weight of a 6-month-old infant. Which of the following actions should the nurse take? (Select all that apply.)

Choice A reason: Weight loss is not a typical finding in a toddler who has heart failure. Weight gain due to fluid retention is more likely to occur. The nurse should monitor the toddler's weight and fluid intake and output regularly.

Choice B reason: Bradycardia is not a typical finding in a toddler who has heart failure. Tachycardia due to increased cardiac workload is more likely to occur. The nurse should monitor the toddler's heart rate and rhythm frequently.

Choice C reason: Increased urine output is not a typical finding in a toddler who has heart failure. Decreased urine output due to poor renal perfusion is more likely to occur. The nurse should monitor the toddler's urine specific gravity and electrolytes periodically.

Choice D reason: Orthopnea is a typical finding in a toddler who has heart failure. Orthopnea is the difficulty of breathing when lying flat. The nurse should elevate the toddler's head and chest to facilitate breathing and oxygenation.

Choice A reason: This statement shows that the parents understand that toddlers need a balanced diet that includes a variety of foods from different food groups. The quality of food is more important than the quantity, as toddlers may have erratic eating patterns and may not consume large amounts of food at one time.

Choice B reason: This statement is incorrect, as toddlers typically have a decreased appetite compared to infants. This is due to their slower growth rate and increased interest in other activities. Parents should not force their toddlers to eat more than they want, but rather offer them healthy snacks and meals throughout the day.

Choice C reason: This statement is incorrect, as toddlers do not need vitamin supplements unless they have a specific deficiency or medical condition. Giving vitamins to a picky eater may not address the underlying causes of their food preferences, such as texture, taste, or appearance. Parents should encourage their toddlers to try new foods and avoid using food as a reward or punishment.

Choice D reason: This statement is incorrect, as toddlers do not need 3,000 calories per day. The average daily caloric intake for a toddler is about 1,000 to 1,400 calories, depending on their age, weight, and activity level. Parents should not overfeed their toddlers or give them high-calorie foods that may lead to obesity or malnutrition.