A nurse is monitoring an infant who is 3 months old and has sneezing, coughing, nasal congestion, intermittent fever, and apneic spells. These nurse should recognize these findings are associated with which of the following diagnoses?
Epiglottitis
Bronchiolitis
Influenza
Croup
The Correct Answer is B
A. Epiglottitis
Epiglottitis typically presents with rapid onset of severe sore throat, high fever, difficulty swallowing, and drooling due to inflammation and swelling of the epiglottis. It is a medical emergency requiring immediate intervention but is less likely to present with the described symptoms.
B. Bronchiolitis
Bronchiolitis commonly occurs in infants and young children, often during the winter months. It is characterized by symptoms such as coughing, wheezing, nasal congestion, fever, and
respiratory distress. The described symptoms, including coughing, nasal congestion, and intermittent fever, align with bronchiolitis.
C. Influenza
Influenza typically presents with symptoms such as fever, cough, sore throat, body aches, and fatigue. While coughing and fever are common symptoms of influenza, the presence of apneic spells is less typical of influenza and more indicative of lower respiratory tract infections like bronchiolitis.
D. Croup
Croup is characterized by a barking cough, hoarseness, and respiratory distress often accompanied by stridor. While croup shares some symptoms with bronchiolitis, such as coughing, the absence of stridor in the description suggests bronchiolitis as a more likely diagnosis.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is D
Explanation
A. Ignore the temper tantrums. - Ignoring tantrums may work for some children, but it's not a universal solution and can sometimes escalate the behavior. It also doesn't teach the child appropriate ways to cope with their emotions.
B. Tell the child that temper tantrums are not acceptable. - While setting boundaries is important, simply telling the child that tantrums are unacceptable without providing alternative coping
mechanisms may not be effective, especially for a toddler who may not fully understand verbal reasoning.
C. Restrain the child physically. - Physically restraining the child can be harmful and is not recommended as a method for handling temper tantrums. It can lead to increased frustration and potentially cause injury to the child.
D. Distract the child by offering to play a game. - Distracting the child with a game or other engaging activity can help redirect their attention away from the tantrum and towards a more positive outlet for their emotions. This approach can be effective in diffusing the situation and teaching the child healthy coping strategies.
Correct Answer is A
Explanation
A. "Keep a night light on in your child's room." - This option addresses the child's fear of
monsters by providing a solution that offers comfort and reassurance without dismissing the child's concerns outright.
B. "Let your child sleep in your bed with you." - While this may temporarily alleviate the child's fear, it doesn't address the underlying issue or help the child learn coping mechanisms for dealing with fear.
C. "Tell your child that monsters are not real." - This response invalidates the child's feelings and may increase anxiety by dismissing their fears as irrational.
D. "Stay with your child until the child is asleep." - While staying with the child may provide comfort initially, it doesn't offer a long-term solution and may reinforce the fear by implying that there is something to be afraid of.
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