A nurse is monitoring a client who is receiving a transfusion of packed RBCs.
The client reports chills, headache, low-back pain, and a feeling of "tightness" in his chest.
The nurse should identify that the client has developed which of the following types of transfusion reactions?

Allergic.

Febrile nonhemolytic.

Acute hemolytic.

Bacterial.

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is C

Choice A rationale:

Allergic transfusion reactions are characterized by symptoms such as hives, itching, and shortness of breath. While allergic reactions can cause discomfort, they do not typically present with the symptoms described in the scenario, such as chills, headache, low-back pain, and chest tightness.

Choice B rationale:

Febrile nonhemolytic transfusion reactions are characterized by fever and chills, but they do not usually cause headache, low-back pain, or chest tightness. These reactions occur due to antibodies against donor leukocytes or platelets.

Choice C rationale:

Acute hemolytic transfusion reactions occur when there is a mismatch in blood type between the donor and recipient, leading to rapid destruction of transfused red blood cells. This reaction can cause symptoms such as chills, fever, low-back pain, chest tightness, and hemoglobinuria (presence of hemoglobin in the urine) It is a medical emergency that requires immediate cessation of the transfusion, supportive care, and treatment for potential complications such as acute kidney injury.

Choice D rationale:

Bacterial transfusion reactions occur due to bacterial contamination of the blood product. These reactions can cause symptoms such as fever, chills, hypotension, and shock. While bacterial transfusion reactions can be serious, the symptoms described in the scenario, including headache and low-back pain, are not typically associated with this type of reaction.

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Correct Answer is A

Explanation

A. Correct. Beneficence refers to the ethical principle of doing good and taking actions that promote the well-being and best interests of the client. Sitting with the client to provide comfort aligns with this principle.

B. Incorrect. Autonomy relates to respecting the client's right to make decisions about their own care and treatment.

C. Incorrect. Fidelity pertains to keeping promises and maintaining trust in the nurse-client relationship.

D. Incorrect. Veracity involves truthfulness and honesty in communication with clients, particularly in providing accurate information about their care and condition.

A. "I'm sure you can find alternative remedies through an online support group." B. "We can review some information to help you select a safe alternative practitioner." C. "Feel free to try whatever therapies that fit within your personal belief system." D. "If there are therapies available to you, your provider will tell you about them."

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

A. Incorrect. Suggesting finding alternative remedies through an online support group may not provide accurate or safe information.
B. Correct. This response acknowledges the client's interest and offers to provide guidance in selecting a safe alternative practitioner. It's important to ensure that any alternative therapies are safe and evidence-based.
C. Incorrect. While it's important to respect the client's personal beliefs, the nurse should also ensure that the chosen therapies are safe and effective.
D. Incorrect. Waiting for the provider to suggest alternative therapies may delay the client's access to safe and effective treatments.

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A nurse is monitoring a client who is receiving a transfusion of packed RBCs.The client reports chills, headache, low-back pain, and a feeling of "tightness" in his chest.The nurse should identify that the client has developed which of the following types of transfusion reactions?

Nursing Test Bank

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A nurse is monitoring a client who is receiving a transfusion of packed RBCs.
The client reports chills, headache, low-back pain, and a feeling of "tightness" in his chest.
The nurse should identify that the client has developed which of the following types of transfusion reactions?