A nurse is emptying a client's urinal when she notices the urine is dark amber, cloudy, and has an unpleasant odor. The nurse should identify that these findings are likely to be the result of which of the following?

Urinary frequency

Urinary tract Infection

Urinary incontinence

Urinary retention

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is B

A.   Urinary frequency refers to the need to urinate more often than usual. It does not typically cause changes in the color, clarity, or odor of urine. It may be associated with conditions like urinary tract infections (UTIs) or other urinary issues but does not directly cause dark amber, cloudy, or foul-smelling urine.
B.   A UTI is a common cause of changes in urine characteristics. Dark amber color can indicate concentrated urine due to dehydration or the presence of blood. Cloudiness suggests the presence of pus or bacteria, while an unpleasant odor can be due to bacterial growth. UTIs often cause these symptoms due to inflammation and infection of the urinary tract.
C.   Urinary incontinence refers to involuntary loss of urine. It does not typically cause changes in the appearance or odor of urine unless it leads to urine pooling and subsequent bacterial growth, which could potentially cause odor. However, incontinence itself is not a direct cause of dark amber, cloudy urine with an unpleasant odor.
D.   Urinary retention occurs when the bladder does not empty completely or at all. It can lead to concentrated urine (dark amber color) due to prolonged storage in the bladder. Cloudiness and an unpleasant odor can occur if there is bacterial growth in stagnant urine. Therefore, urinary retention can contribute to the observed urine characteristics.

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Correct Answer is B

Explanation

A. This statement is incorrect because after instilling ointment, the client should close their eye gently and avoid blinking to allow the ointment to spread over the conjunctival sac.
B. When applying ophthalmic ointment, the client should pull down the lower eyelid to create a small pocket (conjunctival sac) and then apply a thin line of ointment along this pocket. This method helps the ointment distribute evenly over the affected area.
C. While this is a correct technique for cleaning around the eye, it is not directly related to the application of ophthalmic ointment.
D. This statement is unnecessary and may confuse the client. It's typically not required to use sterile gloves for applying ophthalmic ointment, and most ointments come with a sterile applicator or can be applied using clean hands if instructed to do so by a healthcare provider.

A. "Go to the emergency room and your provider will meet you there." B. "What else have you been eating?" C. "Come to the office and we will check things out." D. "This is expected because of the way iron is broken down during digestion."

Correct Answer is D

Explanation

A. There is no indication of an emergency based on black stools alone without other concerning symptoms such as severe abdominal pain, cramping, or signs of gastrointestinal bleeding.
B. While gathering more information about the client's diet may be helpful in some cases, it does not address the specific concern about the black stools related to iron supplementation.
C. Unless there are other concerning symptoms, such as gastrointestinal bleeding or significant discomfort, this situation does not typically warrant an immediate visit to the office. It can be managed with reassurance and education over the phone.
D. Iron supplements commonly cause stools to turn black due to the way iron is metabolized in the digestive system. This change in stool color is known as "iron-induced blackening." It occurs because iron supplements contain iron salts that undergo chemical reactions in the gastrointestinal tract, resulting in the production of iron sulfide compounds that impart a black color to the stool.

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A nurse is emptying a client's urinal when she notices the urine is dark amber, cloudy, and has an unpleasant odor. The nurse should identify that these findings are likely to be the result of which of the following?

Nursing Test Bank

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

A nurse is reinforcing teaching with a client with bacterial conjunctivitis of the right eye, and a prescription for an antibiotic ophthalmic ointment. Which of the following statements should the nurse make?

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

A nurse is speaking on the phone to a client on the phone who is pregnant and taking iron supplements for iron-deficiency anemia. The client reports that her stools are black but she has no abdominal pain or cramping. Which of the following responses by the nurse is appropriate?

Correct Answer is D

Explanation

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