A nurse is educating a group of college students about hepatitis B virus (HBV) transmission and prevention.
The nurse should emphasize that the most common modes of transmission are which of the following? (Select all that apply)
Unprotected sexual contact
Sharing drugs, needles, or “works” when using drugs
Poor infection control practices in medical settings
Sharing of blood sugar (diabetes) testing equipment
Needle sticks or sharps exposures on the job
Correct Answer : A,B,C,D,E
The correct answer is choice A, B, C, D and E. All of these are possible modes of transmission for hepatitis B virus (HBV), which is a viral infection that attacks the liver and can cause both acute and chronic disease. The virus is most commonly transmitted from mother to child during birth and delivery, as well as through contact with blood or other body fluids during sex with an infected partner, unsafe injections or exposures to sharp instruments.
Choice A is correct because unprotected sexual contact can expose a person to the blood, semen, or vaginal fluids of an infected partner.
Choice B is correct because sharing drugs, needles, or “works” when using drugs can expose a person to the blood of an infected person.
Choice C is correct because poor infection control practices in medical settings can expose a person to contaminated needles or syringes or sharp objects that have been used on an infected person.
Choice D is correct because sharing of blood sugar (diabetes) testing equipment can expose a person to the blood of an infected person.
Choice E is correct because needle sticks or sharps exposures on the job can expose a person to the blood of an infected
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is ["A","B","C","D","E"]
Explanation
The correct answer is choice A, B, C, D and E.All of these are possible modes of transmission for hepatitis B virus (HBV), which is a viral infection that attacks the liver and can cause both acute and chronic disease.The virus is most commonly transmitted from mother to child during birth and delivery, as well as through contact with blood or other body fluids during sex with an infected partner, unsafe injections or exposures to sharp instruments.
Choice A is correct because unprotected sexual contact can expose a person to the blood, semen, or vaginal fluids of an infected partner.
Choice B is correct because sharing drugs, needles, or “works” when using drugs can expose a person to the blood of an infected person.
Choice C is correct because poor infection control practices in medical settings can expose a person to contaminated needles or syringes or sharp objects that have been used on an infected person.
Choice D is correct because sharing of blood sugar (diabetes) testing equipment can expose a person to the blood of an infected person.
Choice E is correct because needle sticks or sharps exposures on the job can expose a person to the blood of an infected
Correct Answer is A
Explanation
The correct answer is choice A.Factor II, also known as prothrombin, is one of the coagulation factors that are activated by vitamin K.Vitamin K is a cofactor for the carboxylation of specific glutamic acid groups in coagulation factors II, VII, IX, and X.
This process is essential for the activation of these factors in the coagulation cascade.
Choice B is wrong because factor V is not a vitamin K-dependent coagulation factor.
Factor V is activated by thrombin and acts as a cofactor for factor Xa in the conversion of prothrombin to thrombin.
Choice C is wrong because factor VIII is not a vitamin K-dependent coagulation factor.
Factor VIII is activated by thrombin and acts as a cofactor for factor IXa in the activation of factor X.
Choice D is wrong because factor XI is not a vitamin K-dependent coagulation factor.
Factor XI is activated by factor XIIa and activates factor IX in the intrinsic pathway of coagulation.
Normal ranges for coagulation factors are:
• Factor II: 70-120% of normal activity
• Factor V: 50-150% of normal activity
• Factor VIII: 50-150% of normal activity
• Factor IX: 50-150% of normal activity
• Factor X: 70-140% of normal activity
• Factor XI: 70-150% of normal activity
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