A nurse is educating a group of college students about hepatitis B virus (HBV) transmission and prevention.

The nurse should emphasize that the most common modes of transmission are which of the following? (Select all that apply)

Unprotected sexual contact

Sharing drugs, needles, or “works” when using drugs

Poor infection control practices in medical settings

Sharing of blood sugar (diabetes) testing equipment

Needle sticks or sharps exposures on the job

Answer and Explanation

Correct Answer : A,B,C,D,E

The correct answer is choice A, B, C, D and E. All of these are possible modes of transmission for hepatitis B virus (HBV), which is a viral infection that attacks the liver and can cause both acute and chronic disease. The virus is most commonly transmitted from mother to child during birth and delivery, as well as through contact with blood or other body fluids during sex with an infected partner, unsafe injections or exposures to sharp instruments.

Choice A is correct because unprotected sexual contact can expose a person to the blood, semen, or vaginal fluids of an infected partner.

Choice B is correct because sharing drugs, needles, or “works” when using drugs can expose a person to the blood of an infected person.

Choice C is correct because poor infection control practices in medical settings can expose a person to contaminated needles or syringes or sharp objects that have been used on an infected person.

Choice D is correct because sharing of blood sugar (diabetes) testing equipment can expose a person to the blood of an infected person.

Choice E is correct because needle sticks or sharps exposures on the job can expose a person to the blood of an infected

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Correct Answer is A

Explanation

The correct answer is choice A.Factor II, also known as prothrombin, is one of the coagulation factors that are activated by vitamin K.Vitamin K is a cofactor for the carboxylation of specific glutamic acid groups in coagulation factors II, VII, IX, and X.

This process is essential for the activation of these factors in the coagulation cascade.

Choice B is wrong because factor V is not a vitamin K-dependent coagulation factor.

Factor V is activated by thrombin and acts as a cofactor for factor Xa in the conversion of prothrombin to thrombin.

Choice C is wrong because factor VIII is not a vitamin K-dependent coagulation factor.

Factor VIII is activated by thrombin and acts as a cofactor for factor IXa in the activation of factor X.

Choice D is wrong because factor XI is not a vitamin K-dependent coagulation factor.

Factor XI is activated by factor XIIa and activates factor IX in the intrinsic pathway of coagulation.

Normal ranges for coagulation factors are:

• Factor II: 70-120% of normal activity

• Factor V: 50-150% of normal activity

• Factor VIII: 50-150% of normal activity

• Factor IX: 50-150% of normal activity

• Factor X: 70-140% of normal activity

• Factor XI: 70-150% of normal activity

A. “I should wash my hands before and after handling the cord stump.” B. “I should apply petroleum jelly or ointment to the cord stump after each diaper change.” C. “I should use a cotton swab dipped in hydrogen peroxide to clean around the base of the cord stump.” D. “I should fold down the top of the diaper below the cord stump until it falls off.”

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

The correct answer is choice A.Washing hands before and after handling the cord stump can prevent the transmission of bacteria that can cause omphalitis, sepsis, and tetanus.

Choice B is wrong because applying petroleum jelly or ointment to the cord stump can delay its drying and increase the risk of infection.

Choice C is wrong because using hydrogen peroxide to clean the cord stump can damage the healthy tissue and delay healing.

Choice D is wrong because folding down the diaper below the cord stump can expose it to urine and feces, which can contaminate it and cause infection.

The normal range for umbilical cord separation is 5 to 15 days after birth.

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A nurse is educating a group of college students about hepatitis B virus (HBV) transmission and prevention. The nurse should emphasize that the most common modes of transmission are which of the following? (Select all that apply)

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Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

A nurse is reviewing laboratory results for a newborn who received vitamin K injection at birth. Which of the following coagulation factors should be activated by vitamin K?

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

A nurse is educating a new mother about umbilical cord care and how to prevent omphalitis, sepsis, and tetanus. Which of the following statements by the mother indicates an understanding of the teaching?

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

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A postpartum nurse instructs a new mother in how to bathe her newborn. Which statement by the mother indicates a need for further instruction?

A nurse is assessing a newborn who has hypoglycemia due to perinatal asphyxia. Which of the following findings should the nurse expect? (Select all that apply.)

A nurse is administering erythromycin eye ointment to a newborn who has a history of allergic reaction to penicillin. What should the nurse do before applying the ointment?

The nurse is teaching parents how to care for their son’s circumcision site after discharge from hospital using petroleum jelly and gauze dressing method. Which statement by parents indicates that they need further instruction?

A nurse is educating a group of college students about hepatitis B virus (HBV) transmission and prevention. The nurse should emphasize that the most common modes of transmission are which of the following? (Select all that apply)

A nurse is assessing a newborn’s vital signs at 1 hour of age. Which of the following findings should the nurse report to the provider?

A nurse is educating a group of college students about hepatitis B virus (HBV) transmission and prevention.

The nurse should emphasize that the most common modes of transmission are which of the following? (Select all that apply)