A nurse is educating a group of college students about hepatitis B virus (HBV) transmission and prevention.
The nurse should emphasize that the most common modes of transmission are which of the following? (Select all that apply)
Unprotected sexual contact
Sharing drugs, needles, or “works” when using drugs
Poor infection control practices in medical settings
Sharing of blood sugar (diabetes) testing equipment
Needle sticks or sharps exposures on the job
Correct Answer : A,B,C,D,E
The correct answer is choice A, B, C, D and E. All of these are possible modes of transmission for hepatitis B virus (HBV), which is a viral infection that attacks the liver and can cause both acute and chronic disease. The virus is most commonly transmitted from mother to child during birth and delivery, as well as through contact with blood or other body fluids during sex with an infected partner, unsafe injections or exposures to sharp instruments.
Choice A is correct because unprotected sexual contact can expose a person to the blood, semen, or vaginal fluids of an infected partner.
Choice B is correct because sharing drugs, needles, or “works” when using drugs can expose a person to the blood of an infected person.
Choice C is correct because poor infection control practices in medical settings can expose a person to contaminated needles or syringes or sharp objects that have been used on an infected person.
Choice D is correct because sharing of blood sugar (diabetes) testing equipment can expose a person to the blood of an infected person.
Choice E is correct because needle sticks or sharps exposures on the job can expose a person to the blood of an infected
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is C
Explanation
The correct answer is choice C. Nasal flaring and grunting are signs of respiratory distress in a newborn and should alert the nurse to a potential problem.
The nurse should monitor the newborn’s respiratory rate, oxygen saturation, and chest movements, and notify the provider if the symptoms persist or worsen.
Choice A is wrong because molding of the head is a normal finding in a newborn who was delivered vaginally.
It is caused by the pressure of the birth canal on the skull bones and usually resolves within a few days.
Choice B is wrong because acrocyanosis of hands and feet is a normal finding in a newborn during the first 24 hours of life.
It is caused by poor peripheral circulation and does not indicate hypoxia or cyanosis.
Choice D is wrong because vernix caseosa on skin folds is a normal finding in a newborn.
It is a white, cheesy substance that protects the skin from amniotic fluid and helps with thermoregulation.
It usually disappears within a few days.
Correct Answer is B
Explanation
The correct answer is choice B. Washing the penis with soap and water daily can irritate the circumcision site and delay healing.
The parents should only use warm water to gently clean the area and pat it dry.
They should avoid using soap, alcohol, or peroxide on the wound.
Choice A is wrong because changing the diaper every 3 to 4 hours is recommended to prevent infection and keep the area clean and dry.
Choice C is wrong because applying petroleum jelly on the penis with each diaper change can protect the wound from sticking to the diaper and reduce friction.
Choice D is wrong because calling the doctor if they see any signs of infection, such as redness, swelling, pus, foul odor, or fever, is a correct action.
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