A nurse is caring for a newborn who has early-onset VKDB due to maternal use of anticoagulants during pregnancy.
Which of the following interventions should the nurse anticipate for this newborn?
Administer fresh frozen plasma
Administer packed red blood cells
Administer intravenous immunoglobulin
Administer recombinant erythropoietin
The Correct Answer is A
The correct answer is choice A. Administer fresh frozen plasma. This is because fresh frozen plasma contains clotting factors that can help stop the bleeding caused by vitamin K deficiency. Vitamin K is needed for the synthesis of clotting factors in the liver, but newborns have low levels of vitamin K and may develop vitamin K deficiency bleeding (VKDB) if they do not receive prophylaxis at birth. VKDB can manifest as bleeding in various sites, such as the skin, mucous membranes, umbilicus, gastrointestinal tract, or central nervous system.
Choice B is wrong because packed red blood cells do not contain clotting factors and will not correct the underlying deficiency of vitamin K.
Choice C is wrong because intravenous immunoglobulin is used to treat immune-mediated thrombocytopenia, not vitamin K deficiency.
Choice D is wrong because recombinant erythropoietin is used to stimulate red blood cell production in anemia, not to treat bleeding disorders.
Early-onset VKDB occurs within 24 hours of birth and is associated with maternal use of drugs that interfere with vitamin K metabolism, such as anticoagulants, anticonvulsants, or antituberculosis drugs .
These drugs induce the enzymes that break down vitamin K in the fetal liver
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is A
Explanation
The correct answer is choice A. Bulging fontanelle.
A bulging fontanelle is a sign of increased intracranial pressure, which can be caused by intracranial hemorrhage.
Late-onset VKDB is a condition that occurs in infants who have low levels of vitamin K, which is essential for blood clotting.Most cases of late-onset VKDB present with intracranial hemorrhage.
Choice B. Sunken eyes is wrong because it is a sign of dehydration, not intracranial hemorrhage.
Choice C. Mottled skin is wrong because it is a sign of poor circulation or shock, not intracranial hemorrhage.
Choice D. Flaring nostrils is wrong because it is a sign of respiratory distress, not intracranial hemorrhage.
Normal ranges for vitamin K plasma concentrations are 0.2 to 3.2 ng/mL for adults and 0.15 to 1.5 ng/mL for infants.
Correct Answer is B
Explanation
The correct answer is choice B.“I should bathe him before a feeding so he won’t spit up.” This statement indicates a need for further instruction because it is not advisable to bathe a newborn infant before a feeding, as this may cause hypoglycemia or cold stress.The mother should bathe the infant after a feeding or between feedings when the infant is alert and comfortable.
Choice A is wrong because it is correct to use a clean cloth and warm water to wash around the umbilical cord.This helps prevent infection and promotes drying of the cord stump.
Choice C is wrong because it is correct to avoid getting water in the infant’s ears or eyes.This helps prevent ear infections and eye irritation.
Choice D is wrong because it is correct to dry the infant thoroughly and dress him warmly after bathing.
This helps prevent heat loss
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