A nurse is caring for a client who has chronic hepatitis B infection and is taking lamivudine (Epivir).
The nurse should monitor the client for which of the following adverse effects?
Pancreatitis
Lactic acidosis
Hypothyroidism
Nephrotoxicity
The Correct Answer is B
The correct answer is choice B. Lactic acidosis.
Lamivudine (Epivir) is a nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor (NRTI) used to treat chronic hepatitis B infection and HIV infection.
One of the rare but serious adverse effects of lamivudine is lactic acidosis, which is a condition where the blood becomes too acidic due to the accumulation of lactate. Lactic acidosis can cause symptoms such as nausea, vomiting, abdominal pain, muscle weakness, rapid breathing, and low blood pressure.
Choice A is wrong because pancreatitis is not a common side effect of lamivudine.
Pancreatitis is an inflammation of the pancreas that can cause severe abdominal pain, nausea, vomiting, and fever. Pancreatitis is more likely to occur with other NRTIs such as didanosine (Videx) or stavudine (Zerit).
Choice C is wrong because hypothyroidism is not a common side effect of lamivudine.
Hypothyroidism is a condition where the thyroid gland does not produce enough thyroid hormones, which regulate the metabolism and energy levels of the body.
Hypothyroidism can cause symptoms such as fatigue, weight gain, cold intolerance, dry skin, hair loss, and depression.
Hypothyroidism is more likely to occur with other drugs that interfere with thyroid function such as amiodarone (Cordarone) or lithium
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is B
Explanation
The correct answer is choice B. Washing the penis with soap and water daily can irritate the circumcision site and delay healing.
The parents should only use warm water to gently clean the area and pat it dry.
They should avoid using soap, alcohol, or peroxide on the wound.
Choice A is wrong because changing the diaper every 3 to 4 hours is recommended to prevent infection and keep the area clean and dry.
Choice C is wrong because applying petroleum jelly on the penis with each diaper change can protect the wound from sticking to the diaper and reduce friction.
Choice D is wrong because calling the doctor if they see any signs of infection, such as redness, swelling, pus, foul odor, or fever, is a correct action.
Correct Answer is C
Explanation
The correct answer is choice C. Nasal flaring and grunting are signs of respiratory distress in a newborn and should alert the nurse to a potential problem.
The nurse should monitor the newborn’s respiratory rate, oxygen saturation, and chest movements, and notify the provider if the symptoms persist or worsen.
Choice A is wrong because molding of the head is a normal finding in a newborn who was delivered vaginally.
It is caused by the pressure of the birth canal on the skull bones and usually resolves within a few days.
Choice B is wrong because acrocyanosis of hands and feet is a normal finding in a newborn during the first 24 hours of life.
It is caused by poor peripheral circulation and does not indicate hypoxia or cyanosis.
Choice D is wrong because vernix caseosa on skin folds is a normal finding in a newborn.
It is a white, cheesy substance that protects the skin from amniotic fluid and helps with thermoregulation.
It usually disappears within a few days.
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