A nurse is assessing a newborn who has late-onset VKDB due to exclusive breastfeeding and inadequate oral vitamin K supplementation.
Which of the following findings should indicate a possible intracranial hemorrhage to the nurse?
Bulging fontanelle
Sunken eyes
Mottled skin
Flaring nostrils
The Correct Answer is A
The correct answer is choice A. Bulging fontanelle.
A bulging fontanelle is a sign of increased intracranial pressure, which can be caused by intracranial hemorrhage.
Late-onset VKDB is a condition that occurs in infants who have low levels of vitamin K, which is essential for blood clotting. Most cases of late-onset VKDB present with intracranial hemorrhage.
Choice B. Sunken eyes is wrong because it is a sign of dehydration, not intracranial hemorrhage.
Choice C. Mottled skin is wrong because it is a sign of poor circulation or shock, not intracranial hemorrhage.
Choice D. Flaring nostrils is wrong because it is a sign of respiratory distress, not intracranial hemorrhage.
Normal ranges for vitamin K plasma concentrations are 0.2 to 3.2 ng/mL for adults and 0.15 to 1.5 ng/mL for infants.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is C
Explanation
The correct answer is choice C. A temperature of 36°C (96.8°F) is below the normal range for a newborn, which is 36.5°C to 37.5°C (97.7°F to 99.5°F).
A low temperature can indicate hypothermia, infection, or hypoglycemia, and should be reported to the provider.
Choice A is wrong because a heart rate of 140/min is within the normal range for a newborn, which is 120 to 160/min.
Choice B is wrong because a respiratory rate of 50/min is within the normal range for a newborn, which is 30 to 60/min.
Choice D is wrong because a blood pressure of 60/40 mm Hg is within the normal range for a newborn, which is 50 to 75/30 to 45 mm Hg.
Correct Answer is B
Explanation
The correct answer is choice B.“I should bathe him before a feeding so he won’t spit up.” This statement indicates a need for further instruction because it is not advisable to bathe a newborn infant before a feeding, as this may cause hypoglycemia or cold stress.The mother should bathe the infant after a feeding or between feedings when the infant is alert and comfortable.
Choice A is wrong because it is correct to use a clean cloth and warm water to wash around the umbilical cord.This helps prevent infection and promotes drying of the cord stump.
Choice C is wrong because it is correct to avoid getting water in the infant’s ears or eyes.This helps prevent ear infections and eye irritation.
Choice D is wrong because it is correct to dry the infant thoroughly and dress him warmly after bathing.
This helps prevent heat loss
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