A nurse is discussing with another nurse how health outcomes for underinsured clients can be improved by returning to school to achieve a higher level of education. Which of the following rationales should the nurse include in the discussion?

Choice A Reason:
The Tuskegee Syphilis Study does not provide guidelines for the recruitment of Black and African-American research participants. Instead, it is a historical example of unethical research practices that led to significant harm and mistrust within the Black community. The study involved misleading and withholding treatment from Black men with syphilis, which has had long-lasting effects on their willingness to participate in research.

Choice B Reason:
The Tuskegee Syphilis Study did not demonstrate a correlation between coronary artery disease and syphilis. The study was focused solely on the natural progression of untreated syphilis in Black men. It did not investigate or establish any links to coronary artery disease. This choice is incorrect as it misrepresents the purpose and findings of the study.

Choice C Reason:
The Tuskegee Syphilis Study did not exclude Black men; in fact, it specifically targeted Black men for participation. The study involved 600 Black men, 399 of whom had syphilis and 201 who did not. The men were misled about the nature of the study and were not provided with adequate treatment, even after penicillin became the standard treatment for syphilis. This choice is incorrect as it inaccurately describes the study's participant selection.

Choice D Reason:
The Tuskegee Syphilis Study is indeed a source of distrust and a barrier to Black clients participating in research studies. The unethical treatment of the participants, including the lack of informed consent and the withholding of effective treatment, has led to a deep-seated mistrust of medical research within the Black community. This mistrust can make it challenging to recruit Black participants for research studies, as they may fear similar exploitation and harm.

Choice A Reason:
Assessing the client's wound is a task that requires clinical judgment and expertise, which falls under the scope of practice of a registered nurse (RN) or licensed practical nurse (LPN). Assistive personnel (AP) are not trained or authorized to perform assessments, as these require a higher level of clinical knowledge and decision-making.

Choice B Reason:
Notifying the case manager of the client's wishes for community resources involves communication and coordination of care, which are responsibilities typically handled by an RN or LPN. This task requires understanding the client's overall care plan and the ability to communicate effectively with other healthcare professionals.

Choice C Reason:
Reviewing the client's medications is a task that involves understanding the medications, their purposes, potential side effects, and interactions. This requires clinical knowledge and judgment, which are beyond the scope of practice for AP. Medication review is typically performed by an RN or LPN.

Choice D Reason:
Assisting the client with bathing and oral care is a task that falls within the scope of practice for AP. These activities are part of the basic care tasks that AP are trained to perform. They involve helping the client with daily living activities, which do not require clinical judgment or decision-making.