A community-based nurse in a pulmonary clinic is developing a care plan for a client who smokes. Which of the following might the nurse include in the plan if the client is in the preparation phase of the Transtheoretical Model?

Choice A Reason:
"I have a false negative screening. I may miss the opportunity for early treatment." This statement accurately reflects the primary concern with a false negative result. A false negative occurs when a test incorrectly indicates that a person does not have a condition when they actually do. This can lead to a delay in diagnosis and treatment, potentially worsening the individual's health outcomes. Early treatment is often crucial for managing many conditions effectively, so missing this opportunity can have significant consequences.

Choice B Reason:
"I have a false negative screening. I may undergo unnecessary treatment." This statement is incorrect because a false negative result means the test failed to detect the condition, leading to no treatment when it is actually needed. Unnecessary treatment is more associated with a false positive result, where the test incorrectly indicates the presence of a condition.

Choice C Reason:
"I have a false negative screening. I likely need more extensive testing." While additional testing might eventually be necessary if symptoms persist or worsen, this statement does not directly address the immediate implication of a false negative result. The primary concern is the missed opportunity for early intervention, not the need for more testing.

Choice D Reason:
"I have a false negative screening. I may experience undue worry." This statement is also incorrect. A false negative result typically provides a false sense of security, leading the individual to believe they are healthy when they are not. Undue worry is more likely to result from a false positive, where the person is incorrectly told they have a condition.

Choice A Reason:
A social worker consult can provide valuable resources and support for managing the care of a mentally ill parent. Social workers can assist with navigating healthcare systems, accessing community resources, and providing emotional support. However, this referral may not provide the immediate peer support and shared experiences that a support group offers. Social workers are excellent for long-term planning and resource management but may not address the immediate emotional needs as effectively as a support group.

Choice B Reason:
A support group is an ideal first-level support for someone feeling overwhelmed and exhausted from caregiving responsibilities. Support groups offer a space for individuals to share their experiences, receive emotional support, and learn coping strategies from others in similar situations. This peer support can be incredibly validating and comforting, helping the client feel less isolated and more understood. Support groups can provide immediate relief and practical advice, making them a highly effective initial referral.

Choice C Reason:
Referring the client to a psychiatrist is important for addressing any potential mental health issues, such as depression or anxiety, that may arise from the stress of caregiving. Psychiatrists can provide medication management and therapeutic interventions. However, this referral may not offer the immediate peer support and shared experiences that a support group provides. While psychiatric care is crucial, it may be more appropriate as a follow-up referral after addressing the client's immediate need for emotional support.

Choice D Reason:
A life coach can help individuals set goals, develop strategies for personal growth, and improve overall well-being. However, life coaching may not be the most appropriate referral for someone dealing with the specific emotional and practical challenges of caregiving for a mentally ill parent. Life coaches typically focus on personal development and achieving future goals, which may not address the immediate emotional support needs of the client.