A community-based nurse in a pulmonary clinic is developing a care plan for a client who smokes. Which of the following might the nurse include in the plan if the client is in the preparation phase of the Transtheoretical Model?
Identify a support system to prevent the client from giving into the urge to smoke.
Give literature to the client who has expressed wanting to quit but is not yet ready to do so.
Console the client for smoking a cigarette after having quit smoking 4 months ago.
Teach the client who refuses to quit smoking about fire safety and cigarette smoking.
The Correct Answer is A
Choice A Reason:
Identifying a support system to prevent the client from giving into the urge to smoke is crucial during the preparation phase of the Transtheoretical Model. In this phase, the client is ready to take action within the next 30 days and may start taking small steps towards quitting smoking. A support system, which can include family, friends, or support groups, provides the necessary encouragement and accountability to help the client stay committed to their goal. This support can significantly increase the chances of successful smoking cessation by offering emotional and practical assistance².
Choice B Reason:
Giving literature to the client who has expressed wanting to quit but is not yet ready to do so aligns more with the contemplation phase of the Transtheoretical Model. In the contemplation phase, individuals are considering quitting within the next six months but are not yet ready to take immediate action. Providing educational materials can help them understand the benefits of quitting and the steps involved, but it is not as relevant for someone in the preparation phase who is already planning to quit soon.
Choice C Reason:
Consoling the client for smoking a cigarette after having quit smoking 4 months ago is more appropriate for the maintenance phase. In the maintenance phase, individuals work to sustain their behavior change and prevent relapse. While offering support after a relapse is important, it does not align with the preparation phase, where the focus is on planning and preparing to quit smoking.
Choice D Reason:
Teaching the client who refuses to quit smoking about fire safety and cigarette smoking is not relevant to the preparation phase. This intervention might be more suitable for individuals in the precontemplation phase, where they are not yet considering quitting and need to be made aware of the risks associated with smoking. In the preparation phase, the client is already motivated to quit, so the focus should be on supporting their efforts to take action.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is A
Explanation
Choice A reason: Working with the floor manager to decide on some light duty work for a nurse aide who is recovering from a broken ankle
This intervention is an example of tertiary prevention. Tertiary prevention aims to manage and rehabilitate individuals with existing health conditions to prevent further complications and improve their quality of life. By arranging light duty work, the nurse helps the aide continue working while accommodating their recovery, thus preventing further injury and promoting rehabilitation.
Choice B reason: Conducting an in-service on using the new patient lift device to prevent back injuries in the nursing staff
This intervention is an example of primary prevention. Primary prevention aims to prevent diseases or injuries before they occur by reducing exposure to hazards. Conducting training on using patient lift devices helps prevent back injuries among the nursing staff by promoting safe handling techniques.
Choice C reason: Screening the staff for Tuberculosis (TB) exposure
This intervention is an example of secondary prevention. Secondary prevention aims to detect and treat diseases early to halt their progression. Screening for TB exposure helps identify infected individuals early, allowing for timely treatment and preventing the spread of the disease.
Choice D reason: Administering the annual flu vaccine to the employees
This intervention is also an example of primary prevention. Administering flu vaccines helps prevent the onset of influenza by boosting the immune system's ability to fight the virus. Vaccination is a proactive measure to reduce the incidence of flu among employees.
Correct Answer is D
Explanation
Choice A Reason:
The portal of entry refers to the site through which pathogens enter the body. While handwashing can indirectly affect the portal of entry by reducing the number of pathogens on the hands, it primarily targets the mode of transmission. The portal of entry includes areas such as the respiratory tract, gastrointestinal tract, and breaks in the skin.
Choice B Reason:
The susceptible host is an individual who is at risk of infection due to factors such as age, underlying health conditions, or weakened immune systems. Handwashing does not directly alter the susceptibility of the host but rather reduces the likelihood of the host coming into contact with pathogens.
Choice C Reason:
The portal of exit is the site from which pathogens leave the host to infect another individual. Common portals of exit include the respiratory tract, gastrointestinal tract, and open wounds. Handwashing does not directly impact the portal of exit but helps prevent the spread of pathogens from one person to another.
Choice D Reason:
Mode of transmission refers to the way pathogens are transferred from one host to another. Handwashing is a critical intervention that targets this link in the chain of transmission by removing pathogens from the hands, thereby preventing their spread through direct contact or contact with contaminated surfaces. This is why proper handwashing technique is emphasized in infection control practices.
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