A nurse is discussing growth and development milestones with the parents of a 3-year-old preschooler. Which of the following statements by a parent indicates to the nurse that the preschooler is meeting the expected benchmarks of other preschoolers in this age group?

"My child uses scissors to cut out the outline of an object.”

"My child can copy triangle shapes onto paper.”

"My child can ride a tricycle.”

"My child can throw a ball overhead.”

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is B

Choice A reason:

If the parent states, "My child uses scissors to cut out the outline of an object,” this indicates fine motor skills development. While this is a positive milestone, it is not specific to the expected benchmarks of other preschoolers in this age group. The ability to cut out shapes with scissors varies widely among preschoolers.

Choice B reason:

"My child can copy triangle shapes onto paper.” This statement shows that the child can demonstrate some level of visual-motor coordination and fine motor skills. Copying shapes like triangles is a common milestone for many preschoolers at the age of 3 and is considered an expected benchmark.

Choice C reason:

If the parent says, "My child can ride a tricycle,” this indicates gross motor skills development. Riding a tricycle is also a milestone achieved by many preschoolers, but it may not be as specific to the expected benchmarks of this age group as choice B, which focuses on fine motor skills and visual-motor coordination.

Choice D reason:

If the parent mentions, "My child can throw a ball overhead,” this also points to gross motor skills development. While throwing a ball overhead is an impressive skill for a 3-year-old, it may not be as common or consistent among all preschoolers in this age group as the ability to copy triangle shapes onto paper (choice B).

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Correct Answer is C

Explanation

Birth weight has doubled.

Choice A reason:

The nurse should not expect a positive Babinski sign in a 4-year-old child during a well-child visit. The Babinski sign is a reflex seen in infants up to about 1 year of age and disappears as the nervous system matures. Its presence in a 4-year-old would be abnormal and may indicate neurological issues.

Choice B reason:

The nurse should not expect birth height to double in a 4-year-old child during a well-child visit. While children do experience significant growth in their early years, it is unlikely that birth height will have doubled by the age of 4. Doubling of birth height would be an atypical finding.

Choice C reason:

The correct choice. The nurse should expect that the child's birth weight has doubled during a well-child visit. From birth to age 4, children typically experience substantial weight gain, and doubling of birth weight is a common milestone in healthy development.

Choice D reason:

The nurse should not expect the presence of permanent teeth in a 4-year-old child during a well-child visit. Permanent teeth typically begin to emerge around 6 years of age and continue to erupt over the following years. The appearance of permanent teeth at age 4 would be premature and unusual.

A. Abdominal distention. B. Steatorrhea. C. Blood-tinged emesis. D. Dysphagia.

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

Abdominal distention. Choice A reason:

Abdominal distention is a common manifestation of Hirschsprung's disease in infants. This condition is characterized by the absence of ganglion cells in the distal segment of the colon, leading to a functional obstruction. The absence of ganglion cells causes the affected part of the colon to become narrow and unable to relax, resulting in a buildup of stool and gas, leading to abdominal distention.

Choice B reason:

Steatorrhea, which is the presence of fatty, bulky, and foul-smelling stools, is not typically associated with Hirschsprung's disease. This manifestation is more commonly seen in conditions affecting the pancreas, liver, or small intestine, where the digestion and absorption of fats are impaired.

Choice C reason:

Blood-tinged emesis (vomiting) is not a typical manifestation of Hirschsprung's disease. This symptom is more commonly associated with gastrointestinal bleeding, which can be caused by various factors such as ulcers, esophageal varices, or gastritis.

Choice D reason:

Dysphagia, which refers to difficulty swallowing, is also not a characteristic manifestation of Hirschsprung's disease. Dysphagia is more commonly seen in conditions affecting the esophagus or throat, such as esophageal strictures or neurological disorders affecting swallowing reflexes.

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A nurse is discussing growth and development milestones with the parents of a 3-year-old preschooler. Which of the following statements by a parent indicates to the nurse that the preschooler is meeting the expected benchmarks of other preschoolers in this age group?

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Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

A nurse is collecting data from a 4-year-old child during a well-child visit. Which of the following findings should the nurse expect?

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

A nurse is collecting data from an infant who has Hirschsprung's disease. Which of the following manifestations should the nurse expect?

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

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