A nurse is caring for an infant who has pertussis. Which of the following precautions should the nurse implement?
Airborne.
Droplet.
Standard.
Neutropenic.
The Correct Answer is B
Choice A reason:
Airborne precautions are implemented for diseases that spread through small airborne particles, such as tuberculosis or measles. These diseases can remain suspended in the air for extended periods and be inhaled by others. Pertussis, also known as whooping cough, is primarily spread through respiratory droplets when an infected person coughs or sneezes, making airborne precautions unnecessary.
Choice B reason:
Droplet precautions are appropriate for illnesses that spread through respiratory droplets produced when an infected person talks, coughs, or sneezes. Pertussis falls into this category as it is transmitted mainly through respiratory droplets. By implementing droplet precautions, the nurse will minimize the risk of transmission to others, including healthcare workers and other patients.
Choice C reason:
Standard precautions are the baseline infection prevention practices used for all patients to prevent the spread of infections in healthcare settings. While important, they may not be sufficient to control the transmission of pertussis, as it requires additional measures like droplet precautions due to its specific mode of transmission.
Choice D reason:
Neutropenic precautions are used for patients with compromised immune systems, particularly those with low white blood cell counts (neutropenia). The purpose is to protect these vulnerable individuals from exposure to infectious agents. However, pertussis precautions are different and do not fall under the neutropenic category.
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Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is D
Explanation
Choice A reason:
The nurse should not reinforce to the client that they should not breastfeed after delivery. Group B streptococcus (GBS) is not transmitted through breast milk. It is crucial for infants born to GBS-positive mothers to receive appropriate prophylaxis, but breastfeeding is not contraindicated.
Choice B reason:
The nurse should maintain contact precautions for the client. Group B streptococcus is a highly contagious bacterium, and taking precautions can help prevent its transmission to other patients and healthcare workers.
Choice C reason:
The nurse does not need to obtain a pharyngeal culture from the client. Group B streptococcus colonization typically occurs in the genital and gastrointestinal tracts, not in the pharynx. Therefore, a pharyngeal culture would not be relevant in this situation.
Choice D reason:
This is the correct action the nurse should take. The client tested positive for group B streptococcus, which puts the newborn at risk of infection during labor and delivery. The standard protocol is to administer intravenous antibiotic prophylaxis to the mother during labor to reduce the risk of transmission to the baby.
Correct Answer is C
Explanation
Choice A reason:
Rotavirus The nurse does not need to administer the Rotavirus vaccine in this scenario. Rotavirus immunization is typically given to infants between 2 and 6 months of age to protect against severe diarrhea caused by the virus. Since the child in question is 4 years old and up to date on current immunizations, this vaccine is not necessary.
Choice B reason:
Hepatitis B (Hep B) Similarly, the Hepatitis B vaccine is usually given shortly after birth and completed in a series of doses over the first year of life. Since the 4-year-old child is up to date on immunizations, the Hep B vaccine would have already been administered as part of the routine childhood vaccination schedule.
Choice C reason:
Varicella The Varicella vaccine, also known as the chickenpox vaccine, is typically given between 12 and 15 months of age and then again at 4 to 6 years old. Since the child is 4 years old and up to date on immunizations, it is now time for them to receive the second dose of the Varicella vaccine, making Choice C the correct answer.
Choice D reason:
Haemophilus influenza (Hib) The Haemophilus influenza (Hib) vaccine is usually given to infants starting at 2 months of age and is administered in multiple doses. By 4 years old, the child would have completed the primary series of the Hib vaccine. Therefore, there is no need to administer this vaccine again.
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