A nurse is discussing gout with a patient who is concerned about developing the disorder. Which of the following findings should the nurse identify as risk factors for this disease? Select all that applies.

Depression

Deep sleep deprivation

Cardiovascular disease

Diuretic use

Answer and Explanation

Correct Answer : C,D

Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is a significant risk factor for gout. This is because CVD often coexists with other conditions that can elevate uric acid levels, such as hypertension, obesity, and chronic kidney disease. Additionally, some medications used to treat CVD, such as thiazide diuretics, can also increase uric acid levels.

Research has shown that people with CVD have a 2-3 times higher risk of developing gout compared to those without CVD.

The mechanisms linking CVD and gout are complex and not fully understood, but they likely involve shared pathways of inflammation and endothelial dysfunction.

Choice D rationale:

Diuretic use, particularly thiazide diuretics, is a well-established risk factor for gout. These medications work by increasing the excretion of fluids and electrolytes from the body, which can also lead to a decrease in the excretion of uric acid.

This can result in a buildup of uric acid in the blood, which can then crystallize in joints and cause gout attacks.

The risk of gout associated with diuretic use is dose-dependent, meaning that higher doses of diuretics are associated with a higher risk of gout.

Choice A rationale:

Depression has not been consistently shown to be an independent risk factor for gout.
Some studies have suggested a possible link between depression and gout, but others have not found any association. More research is needed to clarify the relationship between these two conditions.

Choice B rationale:

Deep sleep deprivation has not been studied as a risk factor for gout.
There is currently no evidence to suggest that it is directly associated with an increased risk of developing the disease.

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Correct Answer is A

Explanation

Choice A rationale:
Coughing and deep breathing: These techniques directly promote airway clearance by mobilizing and expelling secretions from the lungs. They are essential for clients with pneumonia, as the buildup of secretions can obstruct the airways and impair gas exchange.
Hydration maintenance: Adequate hydration helps to thin secretions, making them easier to cough up and clear from the lungs. It also helps to prevent dehydration, which can worsen respiratory symptoms.

Choice B rationale:
Keeping the head of the bed elevated: This can help to improve breathing by decreasing the work of breathing and promoting lung expansion. However, it is not the most effective intervention for directly clearing secretions from the lungs.

Choice C rationale:
Preparation for insertion of a tracheostomy tube: This is a more invasive intervention that may be necessary in severe cases of airway obstruction. However, it is not the priority intervention for a client with ineffective airway clearance related to pneumonia.

Choice D rationale:
Providing supplemental oxygen: This can help to improve oxygenation in clients with pneumonia. However, it does not directly address the problem of ineffective airway clearance.

Correct Answer is ["1370"]

Explanation

To calculate the total output for the client, we need to add up all the individual outputs:

The client voided 400 mL at 1100.
The client voided 350 mL at 1430.
The closed chest drainage system increased from 155 mL to 175 mL, which is an increase of 20 mL.
The NG tube has 575 mL in the drainage container.
The Jackson-Pratt drainage tube has 25 mL.

Adding all these amounts together, the total output that the nurse should record in the medical record is 1370 mL.

Here’s the calculation:

400 mL + 350 mL + (175 mL - 155 mL) + 575 mL + 25 mL = 1370 mL400mL+350mL+(175mL−155mL)+575mL+25mL=1370mL

So, the nurse should record a total output of 1370 mL in the medical record for the client.

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A nurse is discussing gout with a patient who is concerned about developing the disorder. Which of the following findings should the nurse identify as risk factors for this disease? Select all that applies.

Choice D rationale:

Choice A rationale:

Choice B rationale:

Nursing Test Bank

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

What intervention should the nurse identify as a priority for a client with a nursing diagnosis of ineffective airway clearance related to HIV-related pneumonia?

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

Correct Answer is ["1370"]

Explanation

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