A nurse is discussing contraception with a group of 14-year-old clients.
After the presentation, a client asks the nurse which method would be best for her.
What should the nurse respond?

Choice A rationale

High-absorbency tampons are a known risk factor for toxic shock syndrome (TSS). TSS is a rare, life-threatening complication of certain types of bacterial infections. Often TSS results from toxins produced by Staphylococcus aureus (staph) bacteria, but the condition may also be caused by toxins produced by group A streptococcus (strep) bacteria. The condition is caused due to bacterial toxins from Streptococcus or Staphylococcus infection. Bacteria usually enter the body through openings in the skin such as wounds or cuts. The risk factors include open skin wound, having had recent surgery, using superabsorbent tampons or contraceptive sponges. Therefore, the nurse should include the use of high-absorbency tampons in the teaching as increasing the risk for contracting TSS.

Choice B rationale

Travel to foreign countries is not specifically mentioned as a risk factor for TSS. While traveling can expose individuals to a variety of health risks depending on the destination, it is not directly linked with an increased risk of TSS1234.

Choice C rationale

Mosquito bites are not a known risk factor for TSS. Mosquito bites can transmit certain diseases such as malaria, dengue fever, and Zika virus, but they are not associated with TSS1234.

Choice D rationale

Having multiple sexual partners can increase the risk of sexually transmitted infections, but it is not a known risk factor for TSS. TSS is typically associated with superabsorbent tampon use, skin wounds, and recent surgery.

Choice A rationale

Urinary frequency is a common early symptom of pregnancy. It’s caused by an increase of the hormones progesterone and human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG). The urges tend to reduce in the second trimester. Most women find they have to pee with even more frequency late in pregnancy, from about week 35 on. Near the end of the third trimester, when your baby is preparing for childbirth, the head “drops” down into the pelvis and presses squarely on your bladder — which means you’ll have that gotta-go urge more than ever.

Choice B rationale

While it’s true that urinary frequency can reduce after the first trimester, it’s not accurate to say that it only lasts until the 12th week for most cases. It’s also not entirely dependent on bladder tone. The frequency of urination during pregnancy is primarily due to hormonal changes and the growing uterus putting pressure on the bladder.

Choice C rationale

Although the duration of urinary frequency can vary among individuals, it’s not accurate to say that there’s no way to predict how long it will last in each individual client. Generally, urinary frequency is common during the first trimester and tends to reduce in the second trimester, only to increase again around week 352.

Choice D rationale

Labeling urinary frequency as a “minor inconvenience” that should be ignored is not an appropriate response. It’s important to validate the client’s experiences and provide accurate information. Urinary frequency is a normal part of pregnancy due to increased hormones and pressure on the bladder from the growing uterus.