A nurse is contributing to the plan of care for an older adult client. Which of the following physiological changes should the nurse recommend considering when administering medication?

Increased liver function

Increased metabolism

Decreased pulmonary function

Decreased kidney function

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is D

As individuals age, there is a natural decline in kidney function. This can result in a reduced ability to filter and excrete medications and their metabolites from the body. The decreased kidney function can lead to a longer half-life of medications, increased drug accumulation, and an increased risk of adverse drug reactions. It is important for the nurse to adjust medication dosages and frequencies based on the individual's renal function to prevent drug toxicity.

Increased liver function: Aging is associated with a gradual decline in liver function. While there may be some individual variations, in general, liver function decreases rather than increases with age. However, changes in liver function can affect the metabolism and elimination of medications. Some medications may require dosage adjustments based on liver function, but it is not a common physiological change in older adults.

Increased metabolism: Aging is generally associated with a decrease in metabolism rather than an increase. The metabolic rate tends to slow down with age, which can affect the pharmacokinetics of medications. Slower metabolism can result in medications taking longer to be metabolized and cleared from the body, potentially leading to prolonged drug effects.

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Correct Answer is C

Explanation

C. Weigh the client each morning after voiding: Weighing the client in the morning after voiding is the standard practice for monitoring weight in clients with anorexia nervosa. This helps ensure consistency in the measurement of weight, as fluctuations throughout the day (due to food, fluid intake, etc.) can affect the accuracy of weight assessment.

A. Constipation: Constipation is not a common or significant side effect of cefazolin. While antibiotics can sometimes cause gastrointestinal disturbances such as diarrhea or nausea, constipation is unlikely to be a major concern for this medication. The adolescent should be encouraged to maintain hydration and a balanced diet, but constipation is not a priority symptom to report in this case. B. Elevated skin patches: Elevated skin patches or rashes could be a sign of an allergic reaction to cefazolin, but this is not the most immediate or critical symptom to monitor for in the context of the question. If an allergic rash develops, the adolescent should certainly report it, but elevated skin patches are more general and not directly associated with a serious or common side effect of cefazolin. Immediate concerns would be other signs of an allergic reaction, such as swelling or difficulty breathing. C. Ringing in the ears: Ringing in the ears (tinnitus) can be a sign of ototoxicity, a known side effect of cefazolin, especially when administered in high doses or for prolonged periods. Ototoxicity can affect hearing and balance, and tinnitus is an early symptom. This is a serious issue that should be reported immediately, as the drug might need to be adjusted or discontinued to prevent permanent damage to the ears. D. Depression: While depression is a serious condition that can affect adolescents, it is not a known side effect of cefazolin. If an adolescent experiences mood changes or symptoms of depression, these should be addressed, but they are unlikely to be directly related to the medication. Depression should always be taken seriously and managed, but it is not a primary concern related to cefazolin use.

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

c. Ringing in the ears.

Explanation:

Cefazolin is an antibiotic medication that belongs to the class of cephalosporins. While it is generally safe and well-tolerated, it can have potential side eﬀects that should be monitored and reported to the healthcare provider. One of the potential side eﬀects of cefazolin is ototoxicity, which can manifest as ringing in the ears (tinnitus) or other hearing disturbances. If the adolescent experiences any ringing in the ears or changes in hearing while taking cefazolin, it should be reported to the healthcare provider for further evaluation.

Options a, b, and d are not specifically associated with the use of cefazolin. Constipation can occur due to various reasons unrelated to this medication. Elevated skin patches may be indicative of an allergic reaction or other skin condition but are not specific to cefazolin. Depression is not a common side eﬀect of cefazolin and should be evaluated separately if experienced by the adolescent.

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A nurse is contributing to the plan of care for an older adult client. Which of the following physiological changes should the nurse recommend considering when administering medication?

Nursing Test Bank

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

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Correct Answer is C

Explanation

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Correct Answer is C

Explanation

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