A nurse is consulting a formulary about a client’s new prescription for raloxifene. The nurse should identify that this medication is used to treat which of the following conditions?

Osteoporosis.

Deep-vein thrombosis.

Urinary tract infection.

Hypothyroidism.

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is A

Raloxifene is a medication used to prevent and treat osteoporosis in postmenopausal women.

Osteoporosis is a condition that causes bones to become thin and weak, increasing the risk of fractures.

Raloxifene belongs to a class of drugs called selective estrogen receptor modulators (SERMs), which mimic the effects of estrogen on bone density. Choice B is wrong because raloxifene may increase the risk of deep-vein thrombosis (DVT), a type of blood clot that forms in a vein deep in the body. DVT can cause pain, swelling, and redness in the affected limb, and can lead to serious complications such as pulmonary embolism (PE), a blood clot in the lung.

Raloxifene should not be used by people who have or had DVT or PE. Choice C is wrong because raloxifene is not used to treat urinary tract infection (UTI), an infection that affects the bladder, kidneys, or ureters. UTI can cause symptoms such as burning or pain when urinating, frequent or urgent urination, blood in the urine, or fever.

UTI is usually treated with antibiotics.

Choice D is wrong because raloxifene is not used to treat hypothyroidism, a condition that occurs when the thyroid gland does not produce enough thyroid hormone.

Thyroid hormone regulates the body’s metabolism, growth, and development. Hypothyroidism can cause symptoms such as fatigue, weight gain, cold intolerance, dry skin, hair loss, or depression.

Hypothyroidism is usually treated with synthetic thyroid hormone replacement.

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Correct Answer is A

Explanation

Calcium gluconate is used to treat hypermagnesemia because it can help calm some symptoms such as impaired breathing, irregular heartbeat, and hypotension. Calcium also helps normalize the neuromuscular function that is affected by excess magnesium.

Choice B. Acetylcysteine is wrong because it is used to treat acetaminophen overdose and prevent kidney damage from contrast dye.

It has no role in treating hypermagnesemia.

Choice C. Flumazenil is wrong because it is used to reverse the effects of benzodiazepines, a class of sedative drugs.

It has no role in treating hypermagnesemia.

Choice D. Protamine sulfate is wrong because it is used to reverse the effects of heparin, an anticoagulant drug.

It has no role in treating hypermagnesemia.

Normal ranges for magnesium are 1.7 to 2.3 mg/dL or 0.7 to 1.1 mmol/L. Hypermagnesemia is defined as a magnesium level above 2.6 mg/dL or 1.5 mmol/L.

A. Store the remaining half of the pill in the automated medication dispensing system. B. Dispose of the remaining medication while another nurse observes. C. Return the remaining medication to the facility’s pharmacy. D. Place the remaining half of the pill in the unit-dose package.

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

This is because hydromorphone is a controlled substance and any unused portion should be discarded in the presence of a witness. Some possible explanations for the other choices are:

Choice A is wrong because storing the remaining half of the pill in the automated medication dispensing system could lead to errors in dosage or diversion of the drug.

Choice C is wrong because returning the remaining medication to the facility’s pharmacy is not a recommended practice for controlled substances and could also result in errors or diversion.

Choice D is wrong because placing the remaining half of the pill in the unit-dose package could compromise the integrity and stability of the medication and expose it to environmental factors.

Normal ranges for hydromorphone are not applicable as it is a synthetic opioid analgesic that does not have a therapeutic level.

However, some factors that may affect its pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics are age, weight, renal function, liver function, genetic polymorphisms, and drug interactions.

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A nurse is consulting a formulary about a client’s new prescription for raloxifene. The nurse should identify that this medication is used to treat which of the following conditions?

Nursing Test Bank

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

A nurse is assessing a client who has hypermagnesemia. Which of the following medications should the nurse prepare to administer?

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

A nurse is administering 4 mg of hydromorphone to a client by mouth every 4 hr. The medication is provided as hydromorphone 8 mg per tablet. Which of the following actions is appropriate for the nurse to take?

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

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